"Superintendent Dorr and the Mountain Naming Controversy." Chebacco XV (2014). hallenged in the public domain The outcome would determine whether the ballot box or federal authoriy reigned supreme on public lands. Regional historians agree tha the Wabanaki who visited Mount Desert Island to feast on the bounty of the seas called its range of mountains Pemetic. They also concur that when Samuel de Champlain explored the waters of this Isle des Monts Desets in 1604, the names he assigned certain features came to dominate cultually to this day. Certainly Champlain was aware of the presence of native seasonal inhabitants. ¹ More to the point, it is likely that members of this northeastern Algonquin-speaking tribal nation guided Champlain to Penetic.2 Cartographers, anthropologists, and historians might ask whether Champlain's island naming consituted a renaming. Few would argue that demonstrating the origin of geographic names has little value. Yet what constitutes a sufficient, or even necessary, reason for a historically accepted geographic name to be altered? I1 the absence of written documentation- as was the case with the Wabanaki prior to the mid-nineteenth century- does an oral tradition carry suficient authority? Prescriptively, whose authority should dominate: the accepted originator, local custom, a renaming advocate, or a legally-recognized authority? George B. Dorr, ca. 1940. It is well known that Mr. Dori's energetic stewardship was responsible for Courtesy of Acadia National Park and the National Park Service most of the donations to the Trustees of Public Reservations and the first gift of more than five thousand acres to the federal government, establishing in 1916 the Sieur de Monts National Monument. For the next twenty-eight years, Superintendent Dorr and the Dorr had federal authority in the conservation of an expanding national asset Mountain Naming Controversy on Mount Desert Island. Yet as "custodian" of this new national monument, Dorr's authority was severely limited and federal policy required all proposed Ronald H. Epp, Ph.D. topographical name changes to be routed through an authoritative agency. A public controversy arose on Mount Desert Island early in the Great To counter nomenclature anarchy and confusion relating to geographic I Depression that had its roots in the closing years of World War I. Working names, an agency of the Department of Interior, the United States Board at his "Oldfarm" residence in Bar Harbor in 1918, a gentleman "from on Geographic Names ("USBGN"), was established in 1890 to apply away" initiated requests for federal approval to rename prominent natural criteria and render decisions binding on federal agencies. From 1918 features of his adopted island home. This gentleman was George Bucknam through 1934 Dorr submitted name change proposals, awaiting decisions that customarily took a few weeks. Much later, after the mountain naming Dorr (1853-1944), the central figure in this controversy, one of the eight controversy subsided, Dorr wrote in his Memoirs that "none of the mountain Incorporators of The Hancock County Trustees of Public Reservations, and names on the Island were old when we came down in 1868. There was no its chief executive officer. Dorr was the first administrator of federal land need for them till summer folks came down and began to climb. For the on Mount Desert Island, and his renaming of the mountains would be 84 85 ans and the early settlers alike they were simply a hunting ground, ned over by deer and bear." And their names? "The names given them 641.5 UNITED STATES GEOGRAPHIC BOARD See work card no background in local usage or tradition or interest in themselves." Following federal acquisition of the Sieur de Monts National Monument Adopted Cadillac Hawaile Co.,The 916, the new park custodian stated that it was suggested to him by an Thing Mountain - highest point in Sieur de Monts OCT 2 10 18 named" party that it would be "better" if these new federal lands were National Monument, Mount Desert Id. Maine, Names Authorities ed to "the old French occupation of the coast and its early history." Mr. Green Min Designation since 1855 r collected, organized, and carefully studied the historical, linguistic, Mt. Newport prior 1855 geological evidence before initially developing arguments for changing Cadillac Custodian, Name proposed by Geo. B. Dorr representing the "Wild names of nearly a dozen natural objects within Monument boundaries. Gardens of Acadia, supported by the Sec. of the Intr., Bureau of Nat'l Parks, many Associations and distinguished men, to concluded that "the mountains acquired names only from the summer Local usage commemorate early history and to honor France for her Green Mtn part in present War, Mount Desert Island deeded to Cadillac ors none going beyond living memory." Armed with National by Louis XIV, K Service endorsements, he made formal application to the USBGN Recommendation of Executive Committee September 15, 1918 and within two weeks the first nomenclature Submitted by Geo B. Darr Int Dept. Cadillac lication was authorized. While his motives for mountain renaming Date Sept 1.15,1918 e complex, Dorr argued in part that the conventional names-e.g., This card prepared by 4. wn, Dog, Dry, Green, etc.-were undistinguished. That is, they were Official request form completed by U.S. Board on Geographic Names chairman Frank Bond, imbued with connotations that resonated with worthy "historical responding to a request from Interior Department custodian George B. Dorr to standardize the name of Cadillac Mountain, October 2, 1918. In Dorr's view, some of the conventional names were ciations," a criterion that Dorr employed with fierce allegiance. "undistinguished." Courtesy of Executive Secretary, U.S. Board on Geographic Names It is noteworthy that just prior to the 1916 federalization of donated ds, Dorr was elected Selectman of the Town of Eden (now Bar Harbor) National Archives, the Rockefeller Archive Center, the USBGN Archives, subsequently re-elected for two terms through 1917. This civic and and the Sawtelle Research Center at Acadia National Park contain Dorr's tical commitment surprised some of his contemporaries, for the arguments. He recognized that early settlers gave "excellent descriptive hands of Dorr's horticultural and quarrying businesses-when combined names" to the seacoast and harbored waters where names like Egg Rock and h the exhausting Monument initiative-appeared to leave little time Otter Creek suggest visual associations given by settlers. But "mountains and a new civic endeavor. Yet Dorr knew that he could use his leadership paths, woods and lakes, must all have names for the sake of distinction and ition to influence cultural development beyond the confines of the as points of visitor reference." As a new federal administrator, Dorr was also mer residents. Dorr was prescient enough to anticipate the dramatic trying to conform to the USBGN principle of longstanding usage, yet as a al changes that would occur once Island acreage was federalized. scholar Dorr was compelled to seek historic precedent for the conventional This larger cultural shift was identified by historian Judith S. Goldstein, names. Where the historical roots were shallow, Dorr saw an opportunity Dorr, Eliot, and Rockefeller "moved through intricate negotiations into 10 develop alternative historical arguments that emphasized the role of the larger public domain of the federal government," she writes, they "took French emigrants as well as the indigenous populations. In this process he r the leadership of the island. Slowly they stretched their concepts of pressed for a more ancient lineage than what was customary among the lic access beyond the privileged boundaries of the small Protestant rusticators and the Island's English and French descendants. Dorr realized mer colony." This enlarged concept of public access implied uncovering that "the linguistic contour" of local usage for geographic features no longer historical roots of prominent natural features within the park. To what matched the deepened historical standards of the new park service.7 ? In order that new visitors drawn to the federal property would have To understand Dorr's arguments, it is helpful to appreciate the education in appreciation of the natural splendor of the Island increased. received by this young man during the height of the Civil War. Following six For Mr. Dorr, name selection resulted from extensive study, The years under the tutelage of Boston classicist Epes S. Dixwell, Dorr entered UNITED STATES GEOGRAPHIC BOARD 6 41, USBGN, Dorr explained at great length his methodology for proposing See work card the name changes of "the dominant landscape features of the Monument," Adopted Champlain including the importance of recognizing the indigenous peoples that used Southeast 7 Thing Mauntain Located the Penobscot River for seasonal canoe passage to Mount Desert Island. 10 Maine The most eastern Mtn. of the Island. in Sieur de Monts Natl Monument Mount Desert I'd, The fundamental rationale that runs through scores of documents spanning Names Authorities Newport Mtn more than a decade is stated in a memorandum the USBGN received from Designation since 1855-date unknown the Superintendent: the renaming of "its noble granite masses have Champlain Discoverer of Mount Desert Island and who named the Id. become true historic documents that will record forever to succeeding Name proposed by Geo. B. Dorr, Custodian of the Nat'l Monument representing the Wild Gardens of Acadia supported by the generations the human background [of] the Park." Local usage Secif of the Interior, Bureau of Nat'l Parks many Associ- ations, and distinguished men, to commemerate early history Following the 1919 elevation of the Monument to its new status Newport Mtn and to honor France for her part in the present war. as Lafayette National Park, additional geographic name changes were proposed to the USBGN. By 1929 approvals had been secured to rename Recommendation of Executive Committee Submitted by Geo. B. Dorr Ins Dept Champlain ten of fourteen mountains-and Island maps reflected these changes. To Date Sept. 15th 1918 amm this day, critics claim that Dorr's decisions were arbitrary. 12 As new maps This card prepared by were drawn and distributed, it is likely that there was private grumbling, request form to standardize the name of Champlain Mountain, October 2, 1918. The but there is no evidence that such grumblings were aired publicly. in was originally named for an English mariner, Christopher Newport. Courtesy of Executive In 1920, a supportive position was expressed for the decision-making Secretary, U.S. Board on Geographic Names process in the naming of trails. In the leading publication of mountaineering rd College at sixteen-in the class of 1874, the year after fellow Trustee in the eastern United States, Appalachia Mountain Club trail maker and es W. Eliot assumed the presidency. Dorr concentrated his studies in classicist Paul R. Jenks published remarks on "The Naming of Trails" that al and modern languages, history and, despite a stammer, he showed overlap and extend Dorr's line of thinking. "Names should be given to trails ardor for elocution, oratory, and rhetoric. Before he was thirty, he lived for a single, definite, necessary reason, to-wit, for identification. This is the ope for six years where his linguistic skills were well honed by current historical reason for all names, as properly applied." Furthermore, Jenks One product of this worldly education was Dorr's development of an argued that in the interests of proper nomenclature and "for the edification tional sensitivity to both "dead tongues" and the French language. His of future generations," names should be adopted "only after consideration standing of French pioneers in the New World was in part based on the and action by a responsible committee."13 ntic" historical writings of his childhood neighbor on Jamaica Pond, Dorr's superiors were consulted before action was taken and the neteenth-century historian Francis Parkman. Both men were aware Superintendent himself solicited endorsements from educational, language is a medium that divides as easily as it unites but in the end historical, and conservation colleagues, including the weighty national storian sits in judgment of the performance of men and their cultures." support of the Trustees of Public Reservations President Charles W. Eliot. 1 some instances when a mountain carried a name with historical Town records, village improvement society minutes, the Bar Harbor Times, ations, Dorr succeeded in convincing the USBGN that another name and the USBGN documents provide no evidence of local protests. Until d be substituted. Originally named for an honored English mariner, the onset of the Great Depression, the renaming of mountains was not topher Newport, this mountain on the eastern side of the Island interpreted publicly as a conflict between federal and local power. became Champlain. Green Mountain was referred anew as Cadillac, To the contrary, at the annual Bar Harbor town meeting in March 1919, et as Huguenot Head, Dry as Flying Squadron, Jordan as Penobscot, .I unanimous motion was passed: "That [the] inhabitants of Bar Harbor n as Norumbega, Little Brown as Parkman, Robinson as Acadia, extend |their| most appreciative thanks to George Bucknam Dorr for his Dog as St. Sauveur."' In it NIX page September 15, 1918 letter 10 the tireless, persistent, intelligent work, carried on under the most adverse circumstances. He has overcome obstacles that no other friend of the in promoting the Black House (known today as Woodlawn Museum) as a premiere Maine tourist attraction. But departing from this goal, he submitted a letter to the editor of the Bar Harbor Times on January 2, 931-without sanction from the officers of the Trustees of Public Reservations-reporting that at the Trustees' August 28, 1930 annual meeting he had entered a motion that at the next annual meeting the Trustees declare themselves in favor of the "well known [mountain] names." Hale confidently announced in the paper that an informal Trustees poll showed that twenty-eight of thirty-six favored the names in use before the USBGN name-change approvals. Yet fellow Trustee Lincoln Cromwell had written to Dorr's attorney Serenus B. Rodick several months earlier that he had "heard very little objection to the names except from a small group which has opposed consistently all of the Rockefeller developments." This implied that the land acquisition and carriage road construction program of John D. Rockefeller Jr., an ally of Mr. Dorr, could be at the heart of the matter. and his mountain re-naming ally Charles W. Eliot at Jordan Pond, 1922. Attorney Hale asked the Times to poll its readers. Over the next several urtesy of Acadia National Park and the National Park Service weeks ballots were cast and the tally was overwhelming: 150 votes for the old names, three for the new. 16 Lest Mr. Dorr have any doubt about the have commanded the courage to overcome, and has finally position of those nearest and dearest to him, each voter name and preference d for our posterity the Lafayette National park on Mount was published. Letters to the Times editor emphasized the significance of Ve regard the achievement as a crowning event in a life, so place names due to their ancestry and emotional power. has been devoted to the interest of Bar Harbor." 14 This There is no evidence that Hale re-entered his motion at the 1931 sonates with the basic concept key to Dorr's conservation ICTPR meeting; moreover, the controversy was apparently not considered tain naming practice: "for us and our posterity." sufficiently newsworthy to receive additional press coverage. Nonetheless, 29, 1929 the Trustees of Public Reservations conveyed "to I lale wrote to the USBGN on September 30, 1932 requesting relevant es all lands owned by the Corporation on Mount Desert documentation of Dorr's requests for these "darn-fool names." Hale claims e next few years additional parcels were accepted and then 10 "love [Dorr] for the great services which he has done but in this matter federal government. Some Trustees wondered whether the of names, I am his energetic enemy." a future. Many founding members were either deceased or So too, renowned naval historian and Trustee Samuel Eliot Morison red, and new members-like Richard W. Hale and Samuel wrote to the USBGN on May 27, 1933 requesting that the names used prior were emphasizing the museum potential of the Black House, to 1917 be restored. He argued that signage still reflected old usage, that the rustee who had been the key figure in land acquisition was old names were reflected in American literature, and that the new names had ministrator with considerable influence in the nation's capitol, 1101 been popularly accepted. Morison concluded that if we can change the for the ensuing controversy did not lie with local residents, name of the park to "the old French name of the region," ("l'Acadie") we can "from away," a partner in the Boston law firm of Hale levert back to the old mountain names as well. Lacking support from the relation to the park superintendent), one of the largest National Park Service, no action was taken by the USBGN in response to W England. That attorney, Richard W. Hale, was the first these requests. Black I louse Committee and as a Trustee, his priority was Both Hale and Morison avoided making any reference to fellow trustee Dorr-as did the letters to he Bar Harbor Times. Nor is there evolution of names and risked disaffection from his contemporaries. li iny evidence indicating that the was his judgment that over successive generations the new names would ew name opponents collaborated. provide lasting significance to the international body of visitors that would Superintendent Dorr did not respond travel the roadways around-or traverse the trails of-the mountains of publicly and his personal reaction to Acadia National Park. More SO than any national park superintenden of he Trustees and public disapproval is his day, Dorr brought to his position in the new National Park Service not known. Moreover, the controversy Net of scholarly-imbued leadership skills remarkable by any standard. The .I was confined to Mount Desert Island; National Park Service supported his efforts to locate historical precedent for comments on the matter do not appear to have reached. the county, placed new names on maps, though the old names still remained on earlier natural features and to abide by the decisions of the USBGN. Cartographers state, or national levels and the maps and in the minds of their loyalists. controversy does not compare with Dorr's effort was motivated by his love of place, his passionate desire the magnitude of the automobile ban worthy historical associations. While more often successful than not, Dorr to substitute selected points of conventional reference with those having a decade earlier. ¹7 Mr. Dorr applied his scholarly was "a party of one" petitioning for these changes. He took this risk not expertise in referencing a more Richard W. Hale, Dorr's "energetic enemy" in for visitor amusement or to provoke local dismay when a place name ancient European lineage than what the mountain naming controversy. Courtesy 11/ disappeared from the most recent map. Instead, through the administrative WilmerHale, Boston, Massachusetts was customary for the inhabitants of processes available to him, Dorr provided the intellectual underpinnings Mount Desert Island. Applying his well traveled historical and linguisti to ensure that the seascapes, landscapes, and "noble granite masses" of the park would be perpetuated. standards, Dorr found the indigenous and rusticator culture inadequate to the task at hand. He proceeded in this nomenclature revision without Notes public discussion and without formal input from the Trustees of Public I Reservations. His standing as a federal officer lent weight to his justifications, In an email of January 7, 2014, Island historian Jack Russell drew my attention the but some may fault Mr. Dorr for not seeking public input, for not bowing activities Hackett of the explorer during the several days that Champlain spent in Pemetic waters. to See David varied before the collective weight of his fellow Trustees. / Fischer, Champlain's Dream (New York: Simon & Schuster, 2008), 174-77. Island Harold E. L. Prins & Bunny McBride, Asticou's Island Domain: Wabanaki Peoples at Mount Desert Historians and anthropologists could interpret Dorr's renaming vol.1 1500-2000 (Boston: Northeast Region Ethnography Program, National Park Service, 2007), of landscape features as an act of dispossession or a form of cultural imperialism. 18 My goal here is not to challenge such an interpretation but 10 provide the background of an Island controversy that took place when the of copies official documents regarding MDI place name changes initiated by Mr. Dorr. In 2003, of Roger Payne, USBGN Executive Secretary, provided me with more than a hundred pages USBGN, Dorr, Memoirs, March 29, 1933. Dorr Papers, Bar Harbor Historical Society; G.B. Dorr cultural implications of a strengthening federal presence on Mount Desert Icy, September 15, 1918. USBGN Archives. Reston, Virginia. See also Henry A. to presented unique challenges and opportunities for all who resided here. Chebacco 6 (2004): 41-53. Corkscrew and Whaleback: Descriptive Terms in the Placenames of Mount Desert Island," Raup, Noteworthy is the fact that eight days after Mr. Dorr's death on August 6, $ 1944, fellow Trustee Judge John A. Peters offered a motion at the Trustees' 19, Sources for the quotations in this paragraph are as follows: Dorr to Lincoln Cromwell, February Papers, 10, 1917. box 95, Harvard University Archives. Also, G.B. Dorr to Stephen T. Mather, December Eliot 1917; Dorr to C.W. Eliot, May 7, 1919; C.W. Eliot to Dorr, May 9, 1919. Charles W. annual meeting that was greeted with "enthusiasm and unanimously approved " Namely, that the mountain situated between Champlain and Cadillac mountains formerly known as Dry Mountain be renamed Don William Goldstein, Crossing Lines: Histories of Jews and Gentiles in Three Communities (New Reports. York: Judith S. National Archives and Records Administration. CP. RG79. CCF. Acadia. Misc. Mountain Morrow, 1992), 185. An earlier and more limited version of this article appeared in "The Mountain. Within ten months, the change was approved by the USBGN. 19 Naming Controversy and the Mission of the Trustees," Woodlawn Museum Newsletter Dorr was a conservation pioneer who took a philosophic view on the context the claims herein. (2005): for 3. My forthcoming study entitled The Making of Acadia National Park provides the larger 2 92 93 7 (Paraphrasing the January 26, 2007 New York Times review by Charles Isherwood of Brian Friel's 1981 play, Translations.) 8 See "Francis Parkman on Acadia." Accessed January 2, 2012.www.wquercus.com/acadie/parkman htm. I am also indebted to Mount Desert Island Historical Society Executive Director Tim Garrity for suggesting that this theme is theatrically developed in the aforementioned play, Translations. 9 Margie Coffin Brown, Jim Vekasi, and Olmstead Center for Landscape Preservation, et al., Pathmakers: Cultural Landscape Report for the Historic Hiking Trail System of Mount Desert Island (Boston: National Park Service & Olmsted Center for Landscape Preservation, 2006), vol. 1, 98. 10 The USBGN Archives also contain a nine-page April 9, 1919 letter explaining the cultural importance of recognizing the name "Penobscot" for the northern and southern portions then known as Sargent and Jordan mountains. 11 "Memorandum," March 6, 1931, Mount Desert Island files, UBBGN Archives. 12 In response to my editorial in The Mount Desert Islander of June 23, 2005, see Mark A. Preston's July 21, 2005 letter to the paper's editor claiming that Dorr "didn't understand or seem to care that the original names reflect [the] character of the early days of Mount Desert." 13 Paul R. Jenks, "The Naming of Trails," Appalachia 15 (1920),182-85. 14 Bar Harbor Times, March 8, 1919. 15 Trustees Lincoln Cromwell, L. B. Deasy, Charles W. Eliot, Samuel A. Eliot, William Draper Lewis, William O. Sawtelle, and F. J. Stimson were opposed to Hale's resolution, according to the front-page article in the Bar Harbor Times of January 9, 1931. 16 September 11, 1930, Hancock County Trustees of Public Reservations Archives, I.2.c.1/2.1.A.3. See also Bar Harbor Times, January 28, 1931. 17 See Bill Horner, M.D., "From Horses to Horsepower: Mount Desert Island's Ten-Year War for the Automobile," Chebacco 14 (2013): 86-106. 18 I am indebted to Harold E. L. Prins for referencing this contention. See J.B. Harley, "New England Cartography and the Native Americans," in American Beginnings: Exploration, Culture and Cartography in the Land of Norumbega, eds. Emerson W. Baker, Edwin A. Churchill, Richard D'Abate, Kristine L. Jones, Victor A. Konrad, Harald E. L. Prins (Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press, 1994), 287-3131 email from Harald Prins, December 15, 2013; Harald E. L. Prins & Bunny McBride, "Asticou's Fjord or Somes Sound? Mythistory of Wabanaki Dispossession," Chebacco 12 (2011): 41-61. 19 Approved June 15, 1945. "Dorr Mountain. Case Study # 641.5," Mount Desert Island files, USBGN Archives. 20 I am indebted to Acadia National Park Ranger Maureen Fournier for this phraseology and her critical comments on a draft of this article. XFINITY Connect Page 1 of 1 XFINITY Connect eppster2@comcast.ne; + Font Size 2014 Chebacco From : Tim Garrity Tue, Aug 20, 2013 01:16 PM Subject : 2014 Chebacco 1 attachment To : Ronald Epp Dear Ron -- I hope this finds you well. I'm writing to ask if you might be interested in writing an article for the 2014 edition of Chebacco. Our theme for 2014 is, "Against the Tide: Outliers and Controversies." we are considering topics like protest in the 1860s and 1960s, the Ku Klux Klan, gays and lesbians, smuggling, "difficult women," and the creation vs evolution controversy. A while ago, you sent me the attached article on the mountain naming controversy. We were wondering if you might be willing to revisit this topic in the framework of the planned issue of Chebacco. We note that renaming can be viewed as exertion of power over a place, and think that 1 the renaming of Acadia's prominent places might be interpreted as a conflict of federal vs local power. If your article could grow from its current 1,500 words to 3 to 5,000, it would be a very good fit for the new issue. I know it is asking a lot to take up a project like this, but wonder if you might be persuaded to take it on. Thanks very much for your consideration, Tim -- Tim Garrity Executive Director Mount Desert Island Historical Society PO Box 653 Mount Desert ME 04660 207.276.9323 www.mdihistory.org Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/#!/pages/Mount-Desert-Island-Historical- Society/293338594265 HCTPRMountain0511 (1).doc 53 KB http://web.mail.comcast.net/zimbra/h/printmessage?id=146880&tz=America/New_York&.. 8/20/2013 XFINITY Connect Page 1 of 2 XFINITY Connect eppster2@comcast.ne + Font Size Re: FOA binders From : Maureen Fournier Wed, Jan 08, 2014 06:01 PM Subject : Re: FOA binders To : Ronald & Elizabeth Epp Hah, yes I guess I am a bit of an eager beaver! Thanks for making me chuckle. And thanks, Ron, for the acknowledgment in the article. As a medical librarian, I was acknowledged a few time for my research done in original articles but I have to say that in this second (or whatever numbered) chapter of my life, I am actually more excited about being mentioned in your references! And yes, you correctly referred to my title as ANP Park Ranger. I like the changes you made in the article, and agree with Jack's recommendation for the slightly re-vamped opening paragraphs. There is much more of a focused flow given to the article's premise. Job well done, once again! p.s. Good to have both Jack and Don on your team. I respect and admire both their works (and like yours, their research). They top my list of MDI historians. Til the next time, your friend, Maureen On Wed, Jan 8, 2014 at 4:44 PM, Ronald & Elizabeth Epp wrote: Dear Eager Beaver, I am impressed! I'm glad you and Aimee worked out a plan. I take it that she is back in the office now which is superb news. I've finished the "Superintendent Dorr and the Mountain Naming Controversy" article. I appreciate your evaluation and actually mention you in the final endnote. Is it correct to describe you as an ANP park ranger? I've had constructive input from Jack Russell and Don Lenahan as well; at Jack's suggestion I've changed the beginning of the article to raise the key issue in the mind of the reader. Am sending it off to Emily Beck this afternoon (copy attached for you) Thanks once again! Ron Ronald H. Epp, Ph.D. 532 Sassafras Dr. Lebanon, PA 17042 717-272-0801 eppster2@comcast.net http://web.mail.comcast.net/zimbra/h/printmessage?id=174420&tz=America/New_York&xi... 1/8/2014 XFINITY Connect Page 2 of 2 From: "Maureen Fournier" To: "Ronald & Elizabeth Epp"