(bEb1-9781) comproow I Biographies Page 1 of 2 Biographies Douglas Byers (1903-1978) Home Worked as an assistant dean at Harvard College from 1929-1931, Introduction after which we went to work at the R.S. Peabody Foundation in Andover, Massachusetts. He helped make it "a world-famous archaeological center and an archaeological research foundation Artifacts in Motion without equal" (Byers 1979). His contribution to the archaeological field extended beyond the walls of the Peabody Foundation to Theories of Origin transform many archaeological literary articles into professional journals. He also spent a lot of time contributing to and advising the Time Range studies of many students. Warren K. Moorehead painting at the R.S. Peabody Foundation in Andover Ecology MA. Click on image to enlarge. History C Red Paint Sites Warren K. Moorehead (1866-1939) Nevin Site Moorehead was one of Maine's most extravagant archaeological pioneers. His archaeological career began with several large Turner-Farm excavations in the Midwestern United States. He was the directory of the R.S. Peabody Foundation for Archaeology at Phillips Where did they go ? Academy in Andover Massachusetts from 1912 through 1920. After which he turned his energy to Maine's sites where he led Bibliography' several large excavations, including Red Paint sites, with help from http://www.usm.maine.edu/gany/webaa/bibliogr.htm 5/6/2003 Biographies Page 2 of 2 schoolboys at Phillips Academy. Moorehead claimed to have Links excavated over 17,000 artifacts from Maine. His techniques of excavation were less scientific then most. Still he brought attention to the importance of Maine's sites and their contribution to the Authors archaeological society. Charles Willoughby (1857-1943) Willoughby helped found the Kennebec Valley Natural History and Antiquarian Society in 1891. During the next year while he worked for Harvard's Peabody Museum he helped lead excavations in Maine, and in 1915 Willoughby became the director of the Peabody Museum. His excavation techniques were far ahead of his time, especially his descriptions of the excavations at the Red Paint sites. His work still stands as a model for archaeological reporting. Back http://www.usm.maine.edu/gany/webaa/bibliogr.htm 5/6/2003 Maine Wilderness Transformed: Section IV Page 2 of 8 411 kb 35 Lucius L. Hubbard MAP OF MOOSEHEAD LAKE AND NORTHERN MAINE Cambridge, Mass., 1879 Lithograph, 61.0 X 50.0 cm Osher Collection 326 kb B) Moorehead's Even as he continued to publish his guide books, Lucius Hubbard Archaeological Survey of extended the coverage of his maps to encompass the St. John and Maine Aroostook valleys. He first produced a larger map of northern Maine in 1899 [36], published separately for $1, or $1.50 canvas-backed. Hubbard's larger map was used by Warren K Moorehead -- director of the R. S. Peabody Museum of Archaeology, Andover, Mass. -- during his archaeological survey of Maine (1912-18). Moorehead's primary companion when traveling around Moosehead Lake was Henry E. Capen, son of Aaron Capen, Jr. [see 4]. The map displayed was annotated by Moorehead to show his routes along the Allagash (1912, yellow), St. John (1914, red), and Mattawaumkeag and Piscataquis (1915, blue): "Early in June 1914, eleven of us in six, twenty foot White canoes left Moosehead Lake and started for Pittston Farms. Here we entered the real wilderness and for over four hundred miles, to Meductic a little above Fredericton, we moved steadily down the magnificent river." [Moorehead, In the Maine Woods (1916)] Moorehead's reports were full of references to the landscape of the region before the rivers were dammed and timber was big: "Mr. Marks was fortunate in being able to examine the [Chesuncook] territory before the great dams were built, and he has given me some particulars concerning the extent of this site." "Formerly a large body of water poured through this little gorge [West Branch falls]. Millions of feet of http://www.usm.maine.edu/~maps/exhibit3/sec4.html 5/6/2003 ABBE MUSEUM THE FIRST 75 YEARS , 1928.2003 BAR HARBOR 2 MAINE I 1922-1928 THE BEGINNING n the early 19005, Bar Harbor was known for its wealthy summer I residents and their grand summer homes, which they referred to as "cottages." While some of the town's seasonal population were among the richest families in America, others were merely comfortably well off. There were business executives, college professors, physicians and lawyers, all drawn to Mount Desert Island by its beauty and relaxed lifestyle. One such summer resident was Dr. Robert Abbe of New York City. Dr. Abbe was a renowned surgeon who developed a number of innovative plastic surgery techniques. He also achieved prominence for his pioneering use of radium in medical treatment. After visiting and corresponding with Marie and Pierre Curie in France, Dr. Abbe became convinced that radium had marvelous powers of healing. In 1904 he became the first physician to bring radium to this country and use it in his practice. He is credited with being the first doctor to use radium for treating cancer of the cervix. Dr. Abbe was more than a highly skilled physi- cian. He was a man of warmth and compassion, and his patients adored him. He also possessed a keen and curious mind that led him far beyond a routine surgeon's practice. With exceptional energy and Dr. Robert Abbe persistence, he completed with distinction everything he began. In Bar Harbor in the summers, Dr. Abbe was able to relax from the pressures of his large and demanding New York practice. In 1889 he bought his Bar Harbor home, Brook End, located where Duck Brook spills into Frenchman Bay. Brook End was a lovely haven with beautifully landscaped grounds, and Dr. Abbe never tired of watching his swans, Marie and Pierre (named after the Curies), glide around the pond. Like many summer residents. Dr. Abbe took a keen interest in the affairs of Bar Harbor. He served on the Village Improvement Association, assisted George Dorr in acquiring land for a national park and advised town officials on health conditions in the fast-growing resort community. He also busied himself with making relief maps of Mount Desert Island and experimenting with color photography. 4 On an autumn afternoon in 1922, Robert Abbe, then 71, happened to see a dozen ancient stone implements on display in the window of Mr. Sherman's real estate office on Cottage Street in Bar Harbor. Dr. Abbe later wrote, "When I saw them I was filled with a desire to possess and study them." On returning to New York, he found that the idea of "utilizing them as a nucleus for a local museum possessed me." Dr. Abbe immediately wrote to Mr. Sherman and asked for the names and addresses of the artifacts' owners. He contacted the owners, acquired the artifacts and had them shipped to him in New York. Thus began the collections of the Abbe Museum. Dr. Abbe did little with his collection during the next year. His health was poor, and he was eventually diagnosed with aplastic anemia. He began receiving blood transfusions in 1924 and continued them until his death. In spite of failing health, Dr. Abbe visited the Heye Collection of Native American objects in New York, where he saw some artifacts from Maine. In June 1924, Dr. Abbe brought his own small collection back to Bar Harbor. After Dr. Abbe began discussing his new interest in ancient stone implements with friends, several local collectors came forward with a proposition. "Three intelligent collectors offered me their hidden treasures if I would guarantee a fire, water and burglar proof museum-I accepted!" he wrote. The donors were Fletcher Wood, his brother Charles Wood and the artist Dwjght Blaney, a fellow summer resident. Dr. Abbe described their "noble gifts" as evidence of the growing satisfaction that the effort is no longer a single handed but united effort to open up this local field of archaeology." Dr. Abbe and his friends referred to the artifacts as "Stone Age" antiquities, reflecting the contemporary classification of tools as Stone Age, Iron Age or Bronze Age. Though ill and increasingly frail, Dr. Abbe continued to work toward his goal of a museum to show off the collection he had assembled. He wrote a paper on his aims, gave talks about his collection to friends and neighbors, and introduced his concept of a "little gem" of a museum to the Bar Harbor summer community. In August 1924, examples from the Abbe collection were exhibited for a week at the Jesup Library in Bar Harbor. George Dorr, a founding father of Lafayette National Park, later to be renamed Acadia National Park, was a good friend of Robert Abbe. The concept of a trailside museum in the park seems to have been a natural extension of their friendship. It also was part of a national trend toward establishing private museums in conjunction with national parks. (Today only the Abbe Museum and the Borax Museum in Death Valley, CA, remain of this legacy of private trailside museums.) The close relationship that developed between park and museum would continue into the future. Today, the museum offers park visitors a cultural 5 perspective of the history of the people who inhabited the island long before Europeans arrived. The park provides visitors and, in the early years, staffing in the form of wives of park rangers. In October 1926, the Lafayette National Park Museum of Stone Age Antiquities filed incorporation papers, with George R. Dorr, president, Luere Deasy, treasurer, and Serenus Rodick, clerk. An architect, Edmund Gilchrist of Philadelphia, was hired. In April 1927, Dorr showed Gilchrist a possible building site at the base of a mountain that would later bear Dorr's name. An earlier site nearer to Sieur de Monts Spring had been considered but rejected. Gilchrist found the second site ideal and "felt that he could design a most attractive building for it," Dorr wrote to Dr. Abbe. "The space is one I cleared with another purpose seven or eight years ago, opening a view to the cliff on the west and Postcard of the "Lafayette National taking out the trees SO as to leave a good Park Museum," as the Abbe growth of hemlocks and birches framing it Museum was originally known. around. The opening, which is roughly circular, is just of size for rightly framing a building such as planned, which would also have full light and show its beauty on all sides," Later in the same year, the museum board voted to buy an acre of land from the Sieur de Monts Spring Company, a commercial venture that pumped water from the spring into bottles for sale. Dr. Abbe worked closely with Gilchrist on every aspect of the building An early interior view of the museum design, from the exhibition cabinets to the size of the windows. At the same time, contributions began to arrive for Dr. Abbe's project, mostly from personal friends. Some may have been genuinely interested in the museum, but all wanted to support Dr. Abbe. By the end of 1929, 47 people had donated about $72,000. Major contributors were Mr. and Mrs. Walter G. Ladd, John D. Rockefeller, Jr., Harriet Abbe (sister of Dr. Abbe) and Dr. Abbe himself. Construction began in 1927. In December of that year. Dorr wrote to Dr. Warren K. Moorehead of the Peabody Museum of Archaeology at Phillips Academy in Andover, MA: "It is a wonder to me that we have progressed as we have; it is a great tribute to Dr. Abbe's personal influence and the warm regard in which he is held. A year ago I should not have thought this possible, but it has come to pass." 6 From New York, Dr. Abbe followed the progress of construction and corresponded with Moorehead about the details of setting up the new museum's exhibition. He was eager to return to Maine and see his lovely museum, but declining health prevented it. He died on March u, 1928 in New York. On August 14, 1928, a fine summer afternoon, the Lafayette National Park Museum of Stone Age Antiquities was dedicated before a large crowd. Carved into a stone tablet set in the museum's foyer were these words: "To the Glory of God, in behalf of the Truth, in gratitude for the Story of Man's Creation through the ages and in memory of ROBERT ABBE we dedicate this Museum. May the spirit of God rest upon those who enter its doors and go forth from generation to generation." Approximately 6,500 visitors came to the museum from August 17 to September 27, 1928. Barely five months after the death of Dr. Abbe, the life of his museum had begun. The dedication of the museum on August 14, 1928 7 FirstSearch: Detailed Record Page 1 of 2 Detailed Record Terms & Conditions © 1992-2003 OCLC LC Click on a checkbox to mark a record to be e-mailed or printed in Marked WorldCat Records. iiiii ? WorldCat results for: au: moorehead and au: Subjects Libraries E-mail Print Export Help warren and au: k.. Record 1 of 1. 1 Mark: Prev Next Papers Warren King Moorehead; George A Dorsey; Alex Hrdlicka; George G McCurdy; Carl Eugen Guthe; Thomas Wilson; Alfred Vincent Kidder; Charles Peabody; Robert Singleton Peabody; F W Putnam; Patrick J Hurley; Henry Cabot Lodge; G Moore Peters; W W Ralston; Francis Knox; George Vaux, Jr.; F H Abbott; Earl Y Henderson; Malcolm McDowell; Edgar B Merritt; Charles Henry Burke; John Collier; Cato Sells; Robert Grosvenor Valentine; Walter L Fisher; James R Garfield; Franklin K Lane; Hubert Work; Frank B Willis; Woodrow Wilson 1875-1939 English Archival Material 24 cubic feet. Archeologist. Correspondence, diaries, literary mss., surveys, accounts, and other papers, relating chiefly to archeology, American Indians, and Moorehead's positions with the Ohio Historical Society, Phillips Academy, Andover, Mass., and the U.S. Board of Indian Commissioners. Includes material on student days at Denison University, the moundbuilders, Robert Singleton Peabody and Charles Peabody, U.S GET THIS ITEM Availability: Check the catalogs in your library. Libraries worldwide that own item: 1 FIND RELATED More Like This: Search for versions with same title and author | Advanced options Find Items About: Papers (110); Moorehead, Warren King, (max: 10); Guthe, Carl Eugen. (3); Wilson, Thomas. (103); Kidder, Alfred Vincent, (max: 6); Putnam, F. W. (max: 8); Hurley, Patrick J. (25); Lodge, Henry Cabot, (max: 149); Vaux, George (1); McDowell, Malcolm. (5); Burke, Charles Henry. (4); Collier, John. (81); Sells, Cato. (10); Valentine, Robert Grosvenor. (1); Fisher, Walter L. (3); Lane, Franklin K. (11); Work, Hubert. (5); Willis, Frank B. (max: 14); Wilson, Woodrow. (2,479); United States. (3,005,690) Title: Papers 1875-1939. Author(s): Moorehead, Warren King, 1866-1939. ; Dorsey, George A., 1868-1931. ; Hrdlicka, Alex. ; McCurdy, George G. ; Guthe, Carl Eugen. ; Wilson, Thomas. ; Kidder, Alfred Vincent, 1885-1963. ; Peabody, Charles, 1867- 1939. ; Peabody, Robert Singleton. ; Putnam, F. W.; 1839-1915. ; (Frederic Ward),; Hurley, Patrick J. ; Lodge, Henry Cabot,; 1850-1924. ; Peters, G. http://firstsearch.oclc.org/WebZ/FSFETCH?fetchtype=fullrecord:sessionid=sp04s...:numrecs= 5/6/2003 FirstSearch: Detailed Record Page 2 of 2 Moore. ; Ralston, VV. VV. ; Knox, Francis. ; Vaux, George; Jr. ; Abbott, F. H. ; Henderson, Earl Y. ; McDowell, Malcolm. ; Merritt, Edgar B. ; Burke, Charles Henry. ; Collier, John. ; Sells, Cato. ; Valentine, Robert Grosvenor. ; Fisher, Walter L. ; Garfield, James R. ; Lane, Franklin K. ; Work, Hubert. ; Willis, Frank B.; 1871-1928. ; (Frank Bartlette), Wilson, Woodrow. Corp Author(s): United States.; Board of Indian Commissioners. Year: 1875-1939 Description: 24 cubic feet. Language: English Abstract: Archeologist. Correspondence, diaries, literary mss., surveys, accounts, and other papers, relating chiefly to archeology, American Indians, and Moorehead's positions with the Ohio Historical Society, Phillips Academy, Andover, Mass., and the U.S. Board of Indian Commissioners. Includes material on student days at Denison University, the moundbuilders, Robert Singleton Peabody and Charles Peabody, U.S. Indian policy and administration, the White Earth (Minn.) Reservation, and the Lake Mohonk conferences. Contact repository for more information. SUBJECT(S) Descriptor: Archaeology. Indians of North America -- Study and teaching. Natural history -- Study and teaching. Named Corp: Ohio Historical Society. Denison University. Geographic: Fort Ancient (Ohio) Minnesota. Oklahoma. Ohio -- Antiquities. Xenia (Ohio) Entry: 19800227 Update: 20030227 Document Type: Archival Material Accession No: OCLC: 6027946 Database: WorldCat FL imi ? WorldCat results for: au: moorehead and au: Subjects Libraries E-mail Print Export Help warren and au: k., Record 1 of 1. http://firstsearch.oclc.org/WebZ/FSFETCH?fetchtype=fullrecord:sessionid=sp04s...:numrecs= 5/6/2003