Lowell, Guy (1870-1927 Guy Lowell - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Page 1 of 4 Guy Lowell From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Guy Lowell (August 6, 1870 - February 4, 1927), Guy Lowell was an American architect and landscape architect. Contents 1 Biography 2 Major buildings and gardens 3 Other selected buildings 4 Further reading 5 Notes Biography Born in Boston, Lowell was the son of Born August 6, 1870 Mary Walcott Boston, Massachusetts (Goodrich) Died February 4, 1927 (aged 56) and Edward Madeira Islands Jackson Lowell, and a Nationality American member of Boston Museum of Fine Arts Buildings Spring Lawn Boston's well- Huntington Ave, Boston, MA Boston Museum of Fine Arts known Lowell family. He Natirar graduated from Noble's Classical School (later Noble New York State Supreme Courthouse and Greenough School) in 1888 and from Harvard Grosse Pointe Yacht Club College in 1892, and received his degree in architecture from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in 1894. He then studied landscape and horticulture at the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, and architectural history and landscape architecture in the atelier of Jean-Louis Pascal at the École des Beaux-Arts in Paris, with diplomé in 1899. In the middle of these studies he married Henrietta Sargent, the daughter of the director of Harvard's Arnold Arboretum, Charles S. Sargent of Brookline, Massachusetts, on May 17, 1898. [citation needed] Returning to the United States, Lowell opened his own practice in Boston in 1899 and was successful immediately. By 1906, he had opened a branch office in New York and later split each week between New York and Boston. His commissions included large public, academic, and commercial buildings, as well as many distinctive residences, country estates, and formal gardens. He was the architect and landscape architect for the first Charles River dam, completed in 1910, which transformed the tidal river into the Charles River Basin. He designed five structures on the dam: the Upper and Lower Lock Gate Houses, the Stable, the Boat House, and an open pavilion. As part of the dam's construction, Frederick Law Olmsted's Charlesbank was extended from Charles Circle to the Harvard Bridge, and Lowell was http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guy_Lowell 1/30/2014 Guy Lowell - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Page 2 of 4 responsible for the landscape design of the Boston Embankment, now universally known as the Esplanade. [1] Lowell is perhaps most recognized for his design of two public buildings: the Boston Museum of Fine Arts (1906-09 and later additions) and the New York State Supreme Court building in New York City (1912-1914 and 1919-1927). Some of his other commissions included Lowell Lecture Hall at Harvard and academic buildings at Phillips Academy Andover, Simmons College, and Brown University. [citation needed] Guy's work on Harvard University's President's House was commissioned by his cousin, Abbott Lawrence Lowell, during his tenure as Harvard President (1909-1933). The house remained the residence of succeeding presidents until 1971, when Derek Bok (1971-1991) moved his young family to the bucolic grounds of the Elmwood colonial mansion. Interestingly, Elmwood was the lifelong home of another of Guy's ancestors, the celebrated American writer, poet, and foreign diplomat James Russell Lowell (1819-1891). As Percival Lowell's third cousin, Guy became the sole trustee of the Lowell Observatory after his cousin's death in 1916. [citation needed] Lowell also made a name for himself as a landscape architect. His obituary in The New York Times notes that he designed or "fitted up" gardens for the elder J. Pierpont Morgan, Andrew Carnegie, and the Piping Rock Club. Additional garden-related projects included those of T. Jefferson Coolidge, Mrs. Oscar Lasigi in Stockbridge, Massachusetts, and Payne Whitney in Manhasett on Long Island. Lowell designed many of the gardens and grounds for his numerous residential commissions as an architect, but the most significant project appears to have been the grounds of Harbor Hill (1905); the estate may have been Lowell's largest landscape architecture commission. [citation needed] It is in the area of education that Lowell left his lasting mark on the profession of landscape architecture. He founded the short-lived, but influential, landscape architecture program at MIT (1900-1910). Under his guidance, the program developed as a synthesis of French planning ideals and Italian garden design, with a significant emphasis on horticulture and engineering. The first students graduated from the program in 1902. It was an undergraduate option from 1900 until 1904, and it continued as a graduate course until 1909, with Lowell's offering instruction in landscape architecture until 1912. (He donated his services, asking that his salary be turned over to the Architecture Department.) He taught an important group of landscape architects their trade including Mabel Keyes Babcock (1862-1931), George Elberton Burnap (1885-1938), Marian Cruger Coffin (1876-1957), Martha Brookes Hutcheson (1871-1959), and Rose Standish Nichols. [2] Lowell's program at MIT provided educational opportunities in landscape architecture for women that they could not find elsewhere; many of his female students went on to become outstanding practitioners. [3] Lowell also published several books, including: American Gardens (1902), Smaller Italian Villas and Farmhouses (1916), and More Small Italian Villas and Farmhouses (1920). He also contributed to American Gardens, a photographic magazine. [citation needed] Guy Lowell died in the Madeira Islands. [citation needed] Major buildings and gardens 1902 Lowell Lecture Hall, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 1906 Fox Clubhouse, 44 JFK Street (formerly 44 Boylston), Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guy_Lowel 1/30/2014 Guy Lowell - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Page 3 of 4 1904 Emerson Hall, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 1909 Boston Museum of Fine Arts, Boston 1910 Charles River Dam, including the Boston Embankment, the Upper and Lower Lock Gate Houses, the Stable, the Boat House, and an open pavilion 1912 Natirar, Somerset Hills, New Jersey 1913 New York State Supreme Courthouse, New York City 1913 Planting Fields Arboretum, Oyster Bay, New York Coe Hall at Planting Fields 1929 Grosse Pointe Yacht Club, Grosse Pointe Shores, Oyster Bay, New York Michigan Other selected buildings 1900 13 Follen Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts, built for Alice Lowell Ropes 1901 Tupper Manor (now part of Endicott College), Beverly, Massachusetts 1902 Johnson Memorial Fountain, Boston, Massachusetts 1904 Spring Lawn, Kemble Street, Lenox, Massachusetts 1907 Memorial Hospital of Rhode Island, Pawtucket, Rhode Island 1907 Unitarian Church of Barnstable, Cobb's Hill, Barnstable, Massachusetts 1909 New Hampshire Historical Society building, 30 Park Street, Concord, New Hampshire; the pediment contains sculpture by Daniel Chester French that includes the Society's crest flanked by figures representing Modern History and Ancient History 1911 Piping Rock Clubhouse, Locust Valley, New York 1912 Harvard University President's House, Cambridge, Massachusetts 1915 Boscawen Public Library, Boscawen, New Hampshire 1921 Community House, Hamilton, Massachusetts 1922 [4] Fuller Memorial Bell Tower, Phillips Academy, Andover, Massachusetts Further reading Benjamin F. W. Russell, "The Works of Guy Lowell." Architectural Review vol. 13 no. 6 (February 1906), pp. 13-40. Charles A. Birnbaum and Robin S. Karson, Pioneers of American Landscape Design, (New York: McGraw-Hill, 2000), pp. 230-33. Notes 1. Inventing the Charles River, Karl Haglund, 2003. 2. ^ Against all Odds MIT's Pioneering Women of Landscape Architecture, Eran Ben-Joseph, Holly D. Ben- Joseph, Anne C. Dodge. 3. ^ Lowell Guy in Pioneers of American Landscape Design II : An Annotated Bibliography. Washington, D.C. : U.S. Department of the Interior, National Park Service, Cultural Resources, Heritage Preservation Services, Historical Landscape Initiative, 1995. 4. News - Memorial Bell Tower at www.andover.edu Retrieved from "http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Guy_Lowell&oldid=560263043" Categories: 1870 births 1927 deaths People from Boston, Massachusetts American landscape architects American garden writers Harvard University alumni http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guy_Lowel 1/30/2014 "Building of the Arts" and Emerson Hall. me later in "Laad Cottage" Hanard College, working ng prior to working ilder. For two r see "Albert ECTURE tches of Representative Biographical Dictionary of ssachusetts, Boston, ewiston", Lewiston 2. Architects in Maine ns 1818-1880", A in Maine, Vol. VII, Vo1. 7 (1992) the company's , document te. eene has a large col. the need to balance formalism with simplicity, and h the mid-1870s. work here provides an excellent overview of h of Maine projects approach toward adapting historicism. re for the mills in Born in 1870 in Brookline, Massachusetts, Gu Lowell grew up in a leading Boston family, a statu d-Greene Engineers which was to benefit his future career as an architec riding assistance wit Among his close relations were A. Lawrence Lowel president of Harvard; Percival Lowell, astronome and James Russell Lowell, poet. 1 Lowell graduate I MAINE from Harvard in 1892 and went on to two years PERVISION OF OOD architectural graduate work at M.I.T. At the time M.I.T.'s architectural faculty included Constar vood's records in Desire Despradelle, a Frenchman renowned for h. to document his espousal of Ecole des Beaux-Arts academic trainin, odification of existi and it may have been due to his influence that Lowe 1 of the major proj entered that famous school in Paris in 1895.2 The uted as the princi sultant in many m he spent four years studying architectural design, his igner is problemati tory, and landscape architecture, exposed to the ext 0, Altered. berance and lavishness of French design that SO cha: Destroyed. acterized the school. Upon his graduation in 189 ton, 1864, Altered. Lowell returned to Boston, whereupon he immed .75, 1881-82, Extant alls, 1882, Destroy ately opened an office in the Tremont Building.3. During the initial years of Guy Lowell's caree many of his commissions came from his intricate we RAWINGS of family and school connections, enabling him to la C., has original line the foundations for his career. These circumstance n Maine done while Lockwood Mills built Guy Lowell may have led to his first commission in Maine, a sum tions to the Worumbo mer cottage for the Goodrich family in York4 (Figur 1870-1927 2). The family of B. F. Goodrich, the rubber tire mag nate from Akron, Ohio, had summered in Yor One of the most prominent architects in Boston dur- Harbor for several seasons before purchasing proper the early twentieth century, Guy Lowell was well ty on the York River in 1904. The Goodriches appar down for a variety of major public buildings and a ently preferred to build there rather than in the hear ric Preservation range of domestic work for affluent clients in the of the summer colony by the shore in order to avoi tor enclaves of Long Island, Massachusetts, and the coast's inclement weather.5 The following yea aine. or His training in historicism resulted in his Mary Goodrich, B. F. Goodrich's widow, retaine illed use of the Italian Renaissance and Neo-Classical Lowell to design a summer house on what is know tiles, especially as reflected in his two most important today as "Goodrich Point". A large, hipped roof coi orks, the Boston Museum of Fine Arts and the New tage with wings stepping back into a "U" configura County Courthouse. He treated these styles with tion, "River House" looked down from a hillsid certain level of restraint, creating architecture which across a wide swath of lawns and terraces to th into consideration the surrounding environment wooded banks of the river. Featuring red brick walls culture of America In Maine especially, he faced overhanging eaves and symmetry, thi FEDERAL STREET ELEVATION COVRT HOVS FU DOVNDED CVMDERLAND - ca AT PORTI I/AN DRAW Figure 1. Elevation drawing of the Cumberland County Courthouse, Portland by George Burnham and Guy Lowell, 1904 (MHPC). Colonial Revival home exuded a sense of regional- George Burnham, a relatively new Portland ard ism, of being "American". Lowell accomplished this was included in the list of invitees, and he allied not only through the use of brick construction and Guy Lowell to create a competition entry (Figu key stoned, flat-arched window openings, but also The circumstances surrounding the collaboratic through a limited use of detail, centered around the unclear, but both were graduates of M.I.T. within columned front entrance and rear terrace doorways. years of each other; and Burnham may have de This was in contrast to several of Lowell's recent cot- the input of a more seasoned architect to met tages on Long Island and in Massachusetts, where he demands of the complicated program. In any employed more flamboyant, ornamental European their combined effort won the competition, sel revival styles. Additional wings were added to the for its balance of providing a grand architec cottage about 1915, but a 1925 fire devastated the expression while meeting the practical requiren house; and a Neo-Georgian cottage replaced it a year of the building. 7 later, using the foundation and walls of the original. The Cumberland County Courthouse The new architect was Herbert Rhodes of Portland. Lowell's first major public work of his five yea In late 1904 the Cumberland County Commission- career and reflects his training at the Ecole des ers announced a competition to design a new county Arts in his characteristically reserved and ret courthouse to be built on Federal Street in Portland. manner. The three-story granite structure is stren Eight architects were given three weeks to submit ened visually by a rusticated basement story, W drawings for the project, and the competitors includ- supports the Doric colonnaded bays of the upper ed locally prominent names such as John Calvin floors. The principal facade is emphasized by Stevens and Francis H. and Edward E Fassett 6 pedimented bays flanking a five-bay color the interest in music and drama shared by many of the well-to-do families in the summer colony. The project directors recruited Guy Lowell in 1906 to design a Greek temple near the Kebo Golf Links, where concerts and plays could be per- formed either inside to a capacity of 400 or outside in an open-air amphitheater. It was to provide an idyllic setting for the "worship" of the arts, from opera to Shakespeare, which were very much a part of the urban life of the summer resi- dents during the rest of the year. Lowell created a building in the High er House," Goodrich Cottage, York, circa 1910 view (Courtesy of Mrs. Classic mode, fronted by a pedimented son). portico supported by two large Ionic pil- lars. A colonnade of four pillars was cen- entrance, topped by a decorative car- tered on each of the two sides, and all facades featured e high basement story and colonnades plaster casts of Parthenonian friezes. Though con- er monumentality to the exterior, which structed entirely of wood, the temple was sheathed in French architecture of Pascal, to which stucco to give the appearance of marble from afar. 10 exposed at the Ecole. The use of the The interior was lit by electric lights set into the cof- and limited embellishments recalls the fered ceiling, and large windows on the sides opened Fine Arts in Boston and links the court- the interior to the surrounding forests and fields. 11 To simpler Federal and Greek Revival styles create this classic design, Lowell seems to have adapt- ed details from various Greek models and also may vell's Beaux-Arts training is strikingly vis- have drawn from his contemporary Neo-Classic ted vestibule leads to a vaulted hallway, designs for the Museum of Fine Arts in Boston and the nd double staircase rises on the central New Hampshire Historical Society in Concord. The of the building. The staircase is set in a Building of the Arts hosted performances for thirty space, open two stories to a half-dome years, but as interest waned, it fell into disrepair; and above and lit by a massive iron hanging eventually it was destroyed in the Bar Harbor fire of ning as a central stair, the staircase divides 1947. and the two flights turn to lead in a More than likely, Lowell's success with the Building ction up past coupled Corin- ns and pilasters to the Su- chamber on the second floor. atures the most delicate orna- the courthouse, with a cof- paneled walls, and finely es. teriors and restrained classi- exterior combine to make the County Courthouse one of examples of Neo-Classical For Lowell, the courthouse ted in wide public exposure im in receiving other major missions in the future, espe- W York County Courthouse. sure may have led Lowell to mission in Maine, the Build- rts in Bar Harbor (Figure 3). Figure 3. The Building of the Arts, Bar Harbor, circa 1910 view (MHPC). a group of wealthy summer e project was a response to Figure 4. Land side of "Eegonos," Ladd Cottage, Bar Harbor, circa 1910 view (Courtesy of Richard Cheek). of the Arts made his services as an architect very desire- of the entrance elevation, however, contrasts striking able among the elite summer "cottagers" of Bar Harbor. ly with the simplicity and sedate formalism that He received several commissions from within the acterizes the rest of the exterior. The ocean elevation colony, the most significant of these being his cottage is punctuated by French doors opening on to a brid for Walter G. Ladd on the northern shoreline of town patio on the first floor, and second floor windows (Figures 4, 5). Named "Eegonos", the Ladd Cottage ex- fronted by wrought-iron balconies, the only decort hibits a mix of Italian Renaissance and Second Renais- tive elements on this side. A large side porch extend sance Revival styles, featuring simple stucco exterior from the southern end of the cottage, supported walls and a red tile roof. Ladd originally wished to call immense Ionic columns. Inside, there is a the house "Sonogee", the name of the first cottage on symmetry to the plan, with rooms leading off a the property. However, when a neighbor used the name ed, marble-floored central hall running from front for his cottage, Ladd had to settle for the reverse back, with a view straight out to Frenchman's Ba spelling. 12 Other interior details include fluted columns Lowell's Beaux-Arts training is clearly evident in the hall, wall friezes and ceiling medallions, his design of the elegant entrance elevation, which grand stairway leading to the second floor bedroom features plaster ornamentation in the form of swags, The Ladd Cottage is an excellent example pilasters, urns, and medallions. Flanking wings are Lowell's tendencies toward a simplification of decorated with wrought-iron balconies, supported by European revival styles, seeking as he did to cast plaster brackets. This type of exuberance was them to the lifestyles and environments of America typical of the Bar Harbor summer colony, where the As he wrote in American Gardens: recidents to the continually contanding with We may the details and ideas from Italy, France, zure 5. Ocean side of "Eegonos," Ladd Cottage, Bar Harbor, circa 1910 view (Courtesy of Richard Cheek). The overall Mediterranean feeling of "Eegonos" was asts striking- Immon to many of Guy Lowell's summer houses, American and Italian gardens as a result of his exten- sm that char- another example being the Richard D. Sears Cottage on sive travels. Only one landscape design by him in an elevation slesboro, designed concurrently with "Eegonos" in Maine has been identified, that being a layout of on to a brick 1907. Sears, a talented tennis player, was also from a paths, monuments, and plantings for Webster Park in windows are rominent Boston family and may have known Lowell Orono. This small park on the banks of the Stillwater only decora- through social connections. He hired the architect to River was donated to the town in 1910 by the orch extends design a new house on the site of a shoreline cottage Websters, a prominent local family who were apported by which had burned earlier that year. Sears signed a con- involved in the lumber business. That year Orono's is a formal Jact with W. H. Glover and Company of Rockland in park commissioners voted to "procure the services of off a vault- 1908.14 November of 1907, and work was completed by June of a competent landscape architect" and hired Lowell to om front to The Italian Renaissance cottage consists of a survey the property and "make suitable charts there- nan's Bay. long, rectangular main block with a small wing on one of. 16 Lowell's design consists of a simple plan of mms lining and a porch on the other. The stucco walls and paths and benches along the terraces above the river ions, and bracketed roof overhang liken it to the Ladd Cottage, and includes suitable trees and shrubs, a fountain, bedrooms there is much more restraint in its decoration. and a statue of Chief Orono. The park today remains example again, this is part of Lowell's refinement of revival much as it was originally planned, except for the of schitecture, but it may also reflect the more subdued omission of the fountain and statue. to adapt strong caracter Though architect, community. also had of the Islesboro summer Guy Lowell returned to Maine in 1926, near the if America. principally an Lowell a end of his career, to design alterations and additions interest in landscape design. He studied it to two large summer cottages in Bar Harbor. The first ly, France, our rom at the Ecole and lectured on the subject at M.I.T. project was a remodeling of "Guy's Cliff", which had dly to 1900 to 1913 15 recently been purchased by James Byrne, a New York require. urban He designed several private and estate gardens and published books on corporation had established a second office in New York City in 1906 and was currently deeply involved in the New York County Courthouse 6. Portland Daily Press, November 30, 1904. project, resulting in wide recognition for him within 7. Eastern Argus, January 2, 1905. the city. 17 This may be the reason behind Lowell's 8. Roger Reed, "George Burnham", Biographical Dictionary of Architects in Maine, 1984. selection by Byrne. The original Victorian cottage 9. Owen Johnson, "The Building of the Arts at Bar was designed by William A. Jordan for Charles T. Harbor", Century Magazine, September, 1908, p.676. How in 1881 and was named after a subsequent The directors included George Dorr, Henry Lane Eno owner's son. Lowell transformed it into an Italian George W. Vanderbilt, Mrs. Henry Dimock, and Mrs. Renaissance, Mediterranean-influenced cottage, with Robert Abbe. hipped overhanging roofs, arched windows, and 10. Gladys O'Neil, "Bar Harbor's Vanished Temple to the Arts", Down East Magazine, May, 1978, p. 54. open balconies. Away from Bar Harbor for nearly 11. Johnson, p. 676. twenty years, Lowell still recognized the need for 12. Barbara Sassaman Report, Maine Historic Preservation reserved formalism in the architecture of the commu- Commission files. nity. Eventually absorbed into the campus of the 13. Bonnell, p. 262. College of the Atlantic, the cottage burned in 1983. 14. Earle G. Shettleworth, Jr., The Summer Cottages of Concurrent with this work were alterations and Islesboro, Islesboro, 1989, p. 98. additions to "Chatwold", the estate of Joseph 15. Guy Lowell Obituary, The American Architect, February 20, 1927, p. 230. Pulitzer, the well-known journalist. Little is known 16. Orono Annual Report, March 1, 1911, p. 36. about this project, but work was being completed at 17. Bonnell, p. 35. the time of Lowell's sudden death in February of 18. G. W. Helfrich and Gladys O'Neil, Lost Bar Harbor, 1927, according to an obituary.19 Camden, 1982, p. 29. 19. Bonnell, p. 263. In Maine, Guy Lowell created some of the best examples of his public and private work. His eclectic collection of architectural designs provides a wide overview of both his architectural sources and talents LIST OF KNOWN COMMISSIONS IN MAINE and reflects his tendency to work for clients in afflu- BY GUY LOWELL ent communities. The influences of Italy and the Ecole des Beaux-Arts are evident in his work. Yet Charles C. Goodrich House, York, Additions, 1904, through a subtle reordering and restraint in decora- Extant tion, massing, and detail, his architecture is differen- Cumberland County Courthouse (with George th tiated from European models and is provided with a Burnham), Federal Street, Portland, 1904-09, Extant simpler, less formal spirit that suits it to the Maine "River House," Mary Goodrich House, York, 1905, farity environment. Destroyed eveal: "La Selva," J. Andrews Davis Cottage, Eden Street, Bar Jeffrey A. Harris Harbor, Additions, 1906, Extant The Building of the Arts, Bar Harbor, 1906-07, coubt Destroyed "Eegonos," Walter G. Ladd Cottage, Eden Street, Bar NOTES Harbor, 1907, Extant Richard D. Sears Cottage, Islesboro, 1907-08, Extant 1. Guy Lowell Obituary, Architectural Record, April, 1927, p. 373. Webster Park, Orono, 1910-11, Extant 2. Dumas Malone, Dictionary of American Biography, New "Oaklands," Robert H. Gardiner House, Gardiner, York, 1933, p. 457. Alterations, 1917, Extant 3. Douglas H. Bonnell, Boston Beaux Arts: The Architecture "Guy's Cliff," James Byrne Cottage, Eden Street, Bar of Guy Lowell, unpublished Master's Thesis, Tufts Harbor, Additions and Alterations, 1926, Destroyed University, 1980, p. 33. 4. Lowell's mother was Mary Goodrich Lowell, a distant "Chatwold," Joseph Pulitzer House, Bar Harbor, relation of B. F. Goodrich. After B. F. Goodrich's death Additions and Alterations, 1926-27, Destroyed in 1889, his family may have lived in Cambridge dur- ing the winters. 5. Bowdoin Alumni Magazine, Brunswick, December, 1986, p. 11. Banker and Tradesman magazine in October, 1904, Volume 7, 1995 makes reference to alterations to Charles C. Goodrich's cottage in York Harbor by Guy Lowell. This refers to Published by Maine Citizens for Historic Preservation "Orchard", the estate next door to "River House", Earle G. Shettleworth, Jr., Editor which was purchased at the same time by the Roger G. Reed, Associate Editor Goodrich family Maine Olmsted Alliance for Parks & Landscapes Page 1 of 12 Landscape Architects and Designers Maine Olmsted Alliance for Parks & Landscapes Biographical Dictionary Biographical Dictionary Guy Lowell Journal Archive 1870-1927 One of the most prominent architects in Boston during the early twentieth century, Guy Lowell was well known for a variety of major public buildings and a wide range of domestic work for affluent clients in the social enclaves of Long Island, Massachusetts, and Maine. His training in historicism resulted in his skilled use of the Italian Renaissance and Neo-Classical styles, especially as reflected in his two most important works, the Boston Museum of Fine Arts and the New York County Courthouse. Photograph of Guy Lowell. He treated these styles with a certain level of restraint, creating architecture which took into consideration the surrounding environment and culture of America. In Maine, especially, he faced the need to balance formalism with simplicity, and his work here provides an excellent overview of his approach toward adapting historicism. Born in 1870 in Brookline, Massachusetts, Guy Lowell grew up in a leading Boston family, a status which was to benefit his future career as an architect. Among his close relations were A. Lawrence Lowell, president of Harvard; Percival Lowell, astronomer; and James Russell Lowell, poet. 1 Lowell graduated from Harvard in 1892 and went on to two years of architectural http://www.maineolmsted.org/ad/lowell.html 5/12/2003 Maine Olmsted Alliance for Parks & Landscapes Page 2 of 12 graduate work at M.I.T. At the time, M.I.T.'s architectural faculty included Constant Desire Despradelle, a Frenchman renowned for his espousal of Ecole des Beaux-Arts academic training, and it may have been due to his influence that Lowell entered that famous school in Paris in 1895. 2 There he spent four years studying architectural design, history, and landscape architecture, exposed to the exuberance and lavishness of French design that so characterized the school. Upon his graduation in 1899, Lowell returned to Boston, whereupon he immediately opened an office in the Tremont Building. 3 During the initial years of Guy Lowell's career, many of his commissions came from his intricate web of family and school connections, enabling him to lay the foundations for his career. These circumstances may have led to his first commission in Maine, a summer cottage for the Goodrich family in York 4 (Figure 2). The family of B.F. Goodrich, the rubber tire magnate from Akron, Ohio, had summered in York Harbor for several seasons before purchasing property on the York River in 1904. The Goodriches apparently preferred to build there rather than in the heart of the summer colony by the shore in order to avoid the coast's inclement weather. 5 The following year Mary Goodrich, B.F. Goodrich's widow, retained Lowell to design a summer house on what is known today as "Goodrich Point." A large, hipped roof cottage with wings stepping back into a "U" configuration, "River http://www.maineolmsted.org/ad/lowell.html 5/12/2003 Maine Olmsted Alliance for Parks & Landscapes Page 3 of 12 House" looked down from a hillside across a wide swath of lawns and terraces to the wooded banks of the river. Featuring red brick walls, overhanging leaves, ? Emerson Hall, Harvard. and strong symmetry, this Colonial Revival home exuded a sense of regionalism, of being "American." Lowell accomplished this not only through the use of brick construction and key stoned, flat-arched window openings, but also through a limited use of detail, centered around the columned front entrance and rear terrace doorways. This was in contrast to several of Lowell's recent cottages on Long Island and in Massachusetts, where he employed more flamboyant, ornamental European revival styles. Additional wings were added to the cottage about 1915, but a 1925 fire devastated the house; and a Neo-Georgian cottage replaced it a year later, using the foundation and walls of the original. The new architect was Herbert Rhodes of Portland. In late 1904 the Cumberland County Commissioners announced a competition to design a new county courthouse to be built on Federal Street in Portland. Eight architects were given three weeks to submit drawings for the project, and the competitors included locally prominent names such as John Calvin Stevens and Francis H. and Edward F. Fassett. 6 George Burnham, a relatively new Portland architect, was included in the list of invitees, and he allied with Guy Lowell to create a competition entry (Figure 1). The circumstances surrounding the collaboration are unclear, but both http://www.maineolmsted.org/ad/lowell.html 5/12/2003 Maine Olmsted Alliance for Parks & Landscapes Page 4 of 12 were graduates of M.I.T. within four years of each other; and Burnham may have desired the input of a more seasoned architect to meet the demands of the complicated program. In any case, their combined effort won the competition, selected for its balance of providing a grand architectural expression while meeting the practical requirements of the building. 7 The Cumberland County Courthouse was Lowell's first major public work of his five year old career and reflects his training at the Ecole des Beaux-Arts in his characteristically reserved and refined manner. The three-story granite structure is strengthened visually by a rusticated basement story, which supports the Doric colonnaded bays of the upper two floors. The principal façade is emphasized by two pedimented bays flanking a five-bay colonnade above the entrance, topped by a decorative cartouche. The high basement story and colonnades lend a proper monumentality to the exterior, which reflects the French architecture of Pascal, to which Lowell was exposed at the Ecole. The use of the Doric order and limited embellishments recalls the Museum of Fine Arts in Boston and links the courthouse to the simpler Federal and Greek Revival styles of Portland. 8 Inside Lowell's Beaux-Arts training is strikingly visible. A vaulted vestibule leads to a vaulted hallway, where a grand double staircase rises on the central entrance axis of the building. The staircase is set in a magnificent http://www.maineolmsted.org/ad/lowell.html 5/12/2003 Maine Olmsted Alliance for Parks & Landscapes Page 5 of 12 space, open two stories to a half- dome and skylight above and lit by a massive iron hanging lamp. Beginning as a central stair, the staircase divides at a landing, and the two flights turn to lead in a reverse direction up past coupled Corinthian columns and pilasters to the Supreme Court chamber on the second floor. This room features the most delicate ornamentation of the courthouse, with a coffered ceiling, paneled walls, and finely carved benches. The rich interiors and restrained classicism of the exterior combine to make the Cumberland County Courthouse one of Maine's best examples of Neo-Classical architecture. For Lowell, the courthouse project resulted in wide public exposure and aided him in receiving other major public commissions in the future, especially the New York County Courthouse. This exposure may have led Lowell to his next commission in Maine, the Building of the Arts in Bar Harbor (Figure 3). Conceived by a group of wealthy summer residents, the project was a response to the interest in music and drama shared by many of the well-to-do families in the summer colony. 9 The project directors recruited Guy Lowell in 1906 to design a Greek temple near the Kebo Gold Links, where concerts and plays could be performed either inside to a capacity of 400 or outside in an open-air amphitheater. It was to provide an idyllic setting for the "worship" of the arts, from opera to Shakespeare, which were very much a part of the urban life of the http://www.maineolmsted.org/ad/lowell.html 5/12/2003 Maine Olmsted Alliance for Parks & Landscapes Page 6 of 12 summer residents during the rest of the year. Lowell created a building in the High Classic mode, fronted by a pedimented portico supported by two large lonic pillars. A colonnade of four pillars was centered on each of the two sides, and all facades featured plaster casts of Parthenonian friezes. Though constructed entirely of wood, the temple was sheathed in stucco to give the appearance of marble from afar. 10 The interior was lit by electric lights set into the coffered ceiling, and large windows on the sides opened the interior to the surrounding forests and fields. 11 To create this classic design, Lowell seems to have adapted details from various Greek models and also may have drawn from his contemporary Neo-Classic designs for the Museum of Fine Arts in Boston and the New Hampshire Historical Society in Concord. The Building of the Arts hosted performances for thirty years, but as interest waned, it fell into disrepair; and eventually it was destroyed in the Bar Harbor fire of 1947. More than likely, Lowell's success with the Building of the Arts made his services as an architect very desirable among the elite summer "cottagers" of Bar Harbor. He received several commissions from within the colony, the most significant of these being his cottage for Walter G. Ladd on the northern shoreline of town (Figures 4, 5). Named "Eegonos," the Ladd Cottage exhibits a mix of Italian Renaissance and Second Renaissance Revival styles, featuring simple stucco exterior http://www.maineolmsted.org/ad/lowell.html 5/12/2003 Maine Olmsted Alliance for Parks & Landscapes Page 7 of 12 walls and a red tile roof. Ladd originally wished to call the house "Sonogee," the name of the first cottage on the property. However, when a neighbor used the name for his cottage, Ladd had to settle for the reverse spelling. 12 Lowell's Beaux-Arts training is clearly evident in his design of the elegant entrance elevation, which features plaster ornamentation in the form of swags, pilasters, urns, and medallions. Flanking wings are decorated with wrought-iron balconies, supported by cast plaster brackets. This type of exuberance was typical of the Bar Harbor summer colony, where the residents seemed to be continually contending with each other in the form of competing architectural statements. The rich detail and elaborate decoration of the entrance elevation, however, contrasts strikingly with the simplicity and sedate formalism that characterizes the rest of the exterior. The ocean elevation is punctuated by French doors opening on to a brick patio on the first floor, and second floor windows are fronted by wrought- iron balconies, the only decorative elements on this side. A large side porch extends from the southern end of the cottage, supported by immense lonic columns. Inside, there is a formal symmetry to the plan, with rooms leading off a vaulted, marble-floored central hall running from front to back, with a view straight out to Frenchman's Bay. 13 Other interior details include fluted columns lining the hall, wall friezes and ceiling medallions, and a grand stairway leading to the second floor bedrooms. http://www.maineolmsted.org/ad/lowell.html 5/12/2003 Maine Olmsted Alliance for Parks & Landscapes Page 8 of 12 The Ladd Cottage is an excellent example of Lowell's tendencies toward a simplification of the European revival styles, seeking as he did to adapt them to the lifestyles and environments of America. As he wrote in American Gardens: We may borrow the details and ideas from Italy, France, and England, but we must adapt them skillfully to our own needs, and give them the setting which they require. The overall Mediterranean feeling of "Eegonos" was common to many of Guy Lowell's summer houses, another example being the Richard D. Sear Cottage on Islesboro, designed concurrently with "Eegonos" in 1907. Sears, a talented tennis player, was also from a prominent Boston family and may have known Lowell through social connections. He hired the architect to design a new house on the site of shoreline cottage which had burned earlier that year. Sears signed a contract with W.H. Glover and Company of Rockland in November of 1907, and work was completed by June of 1908. 14 The Italian Renaissance cottage consists of a long, rectangular main block with a small wing on one end and a porch on the other. The stucco walls and bracketed roof overhang liken it to the Ladd Cottage, but there is much more restraint in its decoration. Again, this is part of Lowell's refinement of revival architecture, but it may also reflect the more subdued character of the Islesboro summer community. http://www.maineolmsted.org/ad/lowell.html 5/12/2003 Maine Olmsted Alliance for Parks & Landscapes Page 9 of 12 Though principally an architect, Lowell also had a strong interest in landscape design. He studied it while at the Ecole and lectured on the subject at M.I.T. from 1900 to 1913. 15 He designed several private urban and estate gardens and published books on American and Italian gardens as a result of his extensive travels. Only one landscape design by him in Maine has been identified, that being a layout of paths, monuments, and plantings for Webster Park in Orono. This small park on the banks of the Stillwater River was donated to the town in 1910 by the Websters, a prominent local family, who were involved in the lumber business. That year Orono's park commissioners voted to "procure the services of a competent landscape architect" and hired Lowell to survey the property and "make suitable charts thereof. 16 Lowell's design consists of a simple plan of paths and benches along the terraces above the river and includes suitable trees and shrubs, a fountain, and a state of Chief Orono. The park today remains much as it was originally planned, except for the omission of the fountain and statue. Guy Lowell returned to Maine in 1926, near the end of his career, to design alterations and additions to two large summer cottages in Bar Harbor. The first project was a remodeling of "Guy's Cliff," which had recently been purchased by James Byrne, a New York corporation lawyer. Lowell had established a second office in New York City in 1906 and was currently deeply involved in the http://www.maineolmsted.org/ad/lowell.html 5/12/2003 Maine Olmsted Alliance for Parks & Landscapes Page 10 of 12 New York County Courthouse project, resulting in wide recognition for him within the city. 17 This may be the reason behind Lowell's selection by Byrne. The original Victorian cottage was designed by William A. Jordan for Charles T. How in 1881 and was named after a subsequent owner's son. Lowell transformed it into an Italian Renaissance, Mediterranean- influenced cottage, with hipped overhanging roofs, arched windows, and open balconies. Away from Bar Harbor for nearly twenty years, Lowell still recognized the need for reserved formalism in the architecture of the community. Eventually absorbed into the campus of the College of the Atlantic, the cottage burned in 1983. Concurrent with this work were alterations and additions to "Chatwold," the estate of Joseph Pulitzer, the well-known journalist. Little is known about this project, but work was being completed at the time of Lowell's sudden death in February of 1927, according to an obituary. 19 In Maine, Guy Lowell created some of the best examples of his public and private work. His eclectic collection of architectural designs provides a wide overview of both his architectural sources and talents and reflects his tendency to work for clients in affluent communities. The influences of Italy and the Ecole des Beaux-Arts are evident in his work. Yet through a subtle reordering and restraint in decoration, massing, and detail, his architecture is differentiated http://www.maineolmsted.org/ad/lowell.html 5/12/2003 Maine Olmsted Alliance for Parks & Landscapes Page 11 of 12 from European models and is provided with a simpler, less formal spirit that suits it to the Maine environment. Jeffrey A. Harris NOTES 1 Guy Lowell Obituary, Architectural Record, April, 1927, p. 373. 2 Dumas Malone, Dictionary of American Biography, New York, 1933, p. 457. 3 Douglas H. Bonnell, Boston Beaux Arts: The Architecture of Guy Lowell, unpublished Master's Thesis, Tufts University 1980, p. 33. 4 Lowell's mother was Mary Goodrich Lowell, a distant relation of B.F. Goodrich. After B.F. Goodrich's death in 1889, his family may have lived in Cambridge during the winters. 5 Bowdoin Alumni Magazine, Brunswick, December, 1986, p.11. Banker and Tradesman magazine in October, 1904, makes reference to alterations to Charles C. Goodrich's cottage in York Harbor by Guy Lowell. This refers to "Orchard," the estate next door to "River House," which was purchased at the same time by the Goodrich family. 6 Portland Daily Press, November 30, 1904. 7 Eastern Argus, January 2, 1905. 8 Roger Reed, "George Burnham", Biographical Dictionary of Architects in Maine, 1984. 9 Owen Johnson, "The Building of the Arts at Bar Harbor," Century Magazine, September, 1908, p. 676. 10 Gladys O'Neil, "Bar Harbor's Vanished Temple to the Arts," Down East Magazine, May, 1978, p.54. 11 Johnson, p. 676. http://www.maineolmsted.org/ad/lowell.html 5/12/2003 Maine Olmsted Alliance for Parks & Landscapes Page 12 of 12 12 Barbara Sassaman Report, Maine Historic Preservation Commission files. 13 Bonnell, p. 262. 14 Earle G. Shettleworth, Jr. The Summer Cottages of Islesboro, 1989, p. 98. 15 Guy Lowell Obituary, The American Architect, February 20, 1927, p. 230. 16 Orono Annual Report, March 1, 1911, p. 36. 17 Bonnell, p. 35. 18 G.W. Helfrich and Gladys O'Neil, Lost Bar Harbor, Camden, 1982, p. 29. 19 Bonnell, p. 263. http://www.maineolmsted.org/ad/lowell.html 5/12/2003 of seventeen he was employed as a draftsman in the City Surveyor's Office from 1871 to 1882, and a few years later (1888) established a partnership with Mr. Phipps. The firm was active for a number of years planning business structures, schools, other public buildings and residences in the New England area, among which should be mentioned the Public Library and Masonic Building at Somerville, Mass. (*). Regarding Mr. Loring's architectural work, one of his contemporaries wrote: "His designs showed originality and artistic merit, and he was successful in combining beauty with inexpensive construction. -References: American Architect & Building News, 1886 (*); National Cyclopedia of American Biography, Vol. II, p. 368 (**). LOWE, ELMO C. (2/26/1876-6/10/1933) Evanston, Ill. & Chicago. (F.A.I.A.) Former partner in the firm of Granger, Lowe & Bollenbacher, with an office in Chicago, after 1929 he maintained independent practice in Evanston. Born at Richview, Washington County, Ill. Mr. Lowe studied two years (1900-01) at the University of Chicago, and in 1905 graduated in architecture at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. During his professional career he was associated for a period of sixteen years (1908-24) with the late John H. Bollen- bacher, and from 1924 to 1929 Mr. Alfred Granger was a member of the firm. With his partners M. Lowe was active in designing churches and collegiate buildings in many different cities in the mid-west, noted examples of which were the First Christian Church at Bloomington, Ind., 1917; Country Club M. E. Church, Kansas City, Mo., 1921; First Evangelical Church in Chicago, 1922; Hyde Park Y. M. C. A. Building, Chicago, 1922; St. John's Lutheran Church, Wilmette, Ill., 1923; Kent College of Law, Chicago, 1923; First M. E. Church, Gary, Ind., 1923; Bryn Mawr Church, Chicago, 1924; Women's Dormitory, and the Kappa Kappa Gamma Sorority House at the University of Indiana, 1924; St. Paul's Evangelical Church Parish House, Pekin, Ill, 1924; and a Methodist Church at Berwyn, Ill., 1925. In addition he was a co-architect of the United Charities House of Social Service in Chicago, built in 1913, and from 1908 thru-out his many years of practice designed numerous residences. Elected to the Chicago Chapter, A. I. A. in 1914, Mr. Lowe continued an active and loyal member until the time of his decease, and served several years as Secretary. At the A. I. A. convention of 1931 held in San Antonio, Texas, he was made a Fellow of the Institute. Reference: Letter from L. MacDonald Lowe, Chicago, 11/4/1938. LOWELL, GUY. (4/6/1870-2/4/1927) Boston, Mass. (F.A.I.A.) One of Boston's most distinguished architects, and member of a prominent New England family. He was a native of the city, the son of Edward J. Lowell, and a cousin of Percival Lowell, astronomer, the late Amy Lowell, poetess, and A. Lawrence Lowell, former president of Harvard University. After an early education in private schools the young man entered Harvard where he graduated with the class of 1892. His professional training was acquired at Boston's M. I. T., and during four years (1895-99) in Europe during which he attended Atliers of the Paris Ecole des Beaux Arts, studying architectural history and design, also landscape gardening. Returning to Boston he established an office in the city, launching a career that was to bring him success and many honors. A skilled and versatile designer Mr. Lowell's work was broad in scope, comprising large public and institutional buildings, many distinctive residences, country estates, and formal gardens. One of his most important early commissions was to prepare a new building program for Phillips Academy at Andover, Mass.. and between 1903 and 1923 he designed a score of new buildings on the campus, all conforming in style to the older structures of Georgian design. Among Mr. Lowell's other noted 381 BUB. DICT. of AM. ARGHIELES achievements in architecture was the Boston Museum of Fine Arts, completed Mr. Ludlow was elected in 1908; the Cumberland County Court House, Portland, Maine; State during his comparatively Historical Building, Concord, N. H., Simmons College buildings in Boston; Building at McKeesport, P Emerson Hall, a new Lecture Hall, and the President's House at Harvard burgh, and many residen University; several units of the State Normal School, Bridgewater, Mass., -References: National C Memorial Tower and other buildings at Brown University, Providence, R.I., Art Annual, Vol. 21; A. Eden Hall, Bar Harbor, Maine, a new Art School at the Boston Museum of Fine Arts (under erection at the time of his death), and his largest and most LUGOSCH, JOSEPH D. important contribution to American architecture, the New York County Court House, completed only a short time prior to his death. Born and educated in Mr. Lowell also won wide recognition in the field of domestic architecture, completed an architectural designing homes of distinction, and large private estates with landscaped for himself Mr. Lugosch grounds for many persons of prominence. Among his clients were Frederick established an office and o L. Ames of North Easton, Mass., Jefferson Coolidge, Beverly Farms, Mass., was elected a member of Robert Gould Shaw, 2nd, of Hamilton, Mass., George C. Knapp, Lake George, architect of many schools New York, Paul Cravath, Locust Valley, Long Island, New York, Richard buildings in Union City Sears, Islesboro, Maine, Francis Skinner, Dedham, Mass., B. F. Goodrich, into the Tip-Top Hotel. York Harbor, Maine, Cyrus Allen and Thomas McKaye, Beverly, Mass., -References: Obit., Nat Clarence McKay, Harbor Hill, Long Island, and Harry Payne Whitney, Manhasset, Long Island. For the late Andrew Carnegie, J. Pierpont Morgan, MacCLURE, COLBERT and Morton F. Plant, Mr. Lowell designed formal gardens for their New York Associated in partnersh city homes, an Italian garden at New London, Conn. for Mr. Plant, and build- his early death, identified ings and landscaping of grounds at the Bayard Thayer estate, Lancaster, Mass. works. A native of Del Early in his career Mr. Lowell lectured for a time at the Massachusetts achusetts Institute of Te Institute of Technology on the subject of Landscape Architecture. He was office of Peabody & Stear one of the first architects to write a book on American Gardens, and traveled a branch office in Pittsbu extensively in preparation for his Italian Villas and Farmhouses," published that capacity, MacClure in two beautifully illustrated volumes. organized the firm of Ma During the first World War he went to Italy to participate in Red Cross Although his period C work, and in appreciation of his aid and encouragement to that country in the planning several importa darkest days of the war, was awarded the Italian Distinguished War Cross. Building, 1908; Diamon Early in 1927 Mr. Lowell left this country for an extended European cruise, ing; University Club; but it was cut short by death while visiting friends on the Madeira Islands. Hospital, and in additi His untimely passing at the age of fifty-seven was a shock to his friends in -References: Obit., A America, and a distinct loss to the architectural profession. Annual, Vol. 10. -References: Obit., New York Times, 2/5/1927; Architectural Record, April, 1927; American Architect, April, 1927; Who Was Who in America, MACKINTOSH, ALE 1897-1942. A native of London, of eighteen graduated LUDLOW, THOMAS W. (1881-2/27/1929) Pittsburgh, Pa. (A.I.A.) draftsman in Edinburg] Architect and educator, Mr. Ludlow formerly held the Chair of Architecture to join the office of Sir at Carnegie Institute of Technology in Pittsburgh. He was born and educated became a member of in New York, studied architecture at Columbia University, and after winning Arriving in this cou a Scholarship in 1903 went to Paris, France, where he received advanced in- associated with the lat struction at the Ecole des Beaux Arts. Among the important Shortly after his return to the U. S. Mr. Ludlow accepted an invitation to identified was the Em teach Architecture at Columbia, but resigned after a few years to become Rector Street, which Architectural Instructor at McGill University in Montreal. Canada. During recent buildings in th an extended stay in that city he was commissioned in 1912 to design the office in Brooklyn, ar University Settlement House and later a. number of residences in Montreal scope, comprising CO and Quebec. Returning to this country at the start of the first World War New Jersey and a I Mr. Ludlow joined the faculty at Pittsburgh's Carnegie Institute of Technology Side Bank in Brookl where he served as Professor of Architecture until 1920. Later in that year fant Building at Pat he began professional practice in association with Douglas Ellington and the Long Branch, N. continued that partnership until 1925. subsequently joined Harvey A. Schwab Grace Courts. in organizing the firm of Ludlow & Schwab of which he remained a member Active until short until the time of his death. 382 EEGONOS Date: 1907 Location: Eden St. , Bar Harbor ( 6 estates north of the Ferry Terminal) Architect: Guy Lowell (also designed the Bldg. of the Arts in Bar Harbor) Style: Mediterranean Owners: Built for Mr. Walter G. Ladd. Mr. Ladd sold it to Mr. George Strawbridge, of Philadelphia. Given by Mr. Strawbridge to Dr. Richard Gott, Dirctor of L'Ecole Arcadie. Bought by Richard A. Graham, Mr. and Mrs. Stanley Hallet, and Mr. and Mrs Roger K. Lewis in 1975. "Bar Harbor Record" October 3, 1906 ( page 1) LARGE REAL ESTATE DEAL "The Haight Property on Corniche Drive (now Eden St.) sold through Cushman's Agency." One of the largest deals in real estate has recently been consumated through the agency of Victor N. Cushman, selling the Haight property on Corniche Drive. The purchaser is supposed to be Walter Ladd. The land consists of 51/2 acres on the shore, the old house and the stable on the road opposite. It will be improved another season. Sonogee and Eegonos Mrs. Mary Ellen Haight built "Sonogee" on the site of the present "Eegonos." This building was burned soon after and when Mr. Henry Lane Eno built his house (1903) two estates away he named it "Sonogee." Later when Kr. Walter G. Ladd built "Eegonos" he wanted to name it "Sonogee," as that was the name of the house previously on his land. Since that name had already been taken by Rr. Enc he had to settle for the backwards version of the name. No one seems to know why this name was so popular 00 even that it means, although, at one time a Hindu couple visited "Sanages" and reported means "music". r EEGONOS Situated on the shore of Frenchman's Bay, this well-maintained Mediterranean villa remains one of the relatively few turn-of-the- century summer cottages to escape the Bar Harbor Fire of 1947. The entrance facade is decorated with lovely plaster ornamen- tation which blends in beautifully with the sand-colored walls and red tile roof. The facade is simpley elegant and has remained in good condition over these 70 years. The cottage is H-shaped in plan with tiny balconies reached by French windows on the second floor wings. The entrance hall runs front to back with a clear vista to the ocean through a set of French windows which open onto a patio on the ocean side. Small sitting rooms flank the east end of the hall; the one on the north leading to the diningroom and the kitchen wing, and the one on the south leading to the living- - room. On the entrance side of the livingroom is at large billiard room. Both the billard room and the livingroom open onto an immense porch, the roof of which is supported by massive Ionic columns. A grand staircase rises along the front wall to the second floor which contains 9 masters' bedrooms (most of which have fireplaces) and 7 masters' bathrooms. The third floor contains 9 servants' bedrooms and 4 servants' bathrooms. There is no attic to speak of. Emerson Memorial Hall. 249 250 1905.] Emerson Memorial Hall. [December, Prof. Palmer arranges the poems in a new order, placing his notes on the page facing the text. For pictorial illustrations he gives portraits, and is striking: Here, generation-after generation will be inspired by the life views of scenes and buildings connected with Herbert, facsimiles of manu- works of the great scholar and philosopher, in a way in which no scripts and reproductions of title-pages. The result is as nearly per- of other university can instruct and inspire, through the very atmosphere fect book in which author, editor, critic, and publisher unite to do their the Memorial. It is to be the home of the Philosophical Department. best - as we are likely to see. It is the definitive edition of George As one enters the building, in the hall will be seen the seated statue of Herbert: a delight for every lover of fine bookmaking and it may Emerson, in bronze, by Frank Duveneck. This hall is of impressive and serve as a model of the way in which poets can (and therefore should) simple Doric proportions and detail. The hall leads directly to a lecture- room, and seating 350 persons. On the first floor are also several class-rooms be edited. which will be largely devoted to the sections of Sociology. Here will be rooms for seminars. A generous staircase leads. to the second floor, the This sociological library and museum, and also the philosophical library. EMERSON MEMORIAL HALL. floor has also a lecture-room seating persons, beside various Harvard's newest building, the Emerson Memorial Hall, the latest class-rooms and studies. Through special gifts the libraries and other building to be given to the University, will be finished some time in De- rooms on this floor are to be splendidly furnished and equipped. cember, when it will be occupied by the departments of Philosophy and The has third floor is devoted ,entirely. to Psychology. Here the greatest Psychology. The structure, an illustration of which we publish in this issue, stands adjacent to Sever Hall, facing Robinson Hall, and was de- ment-rooms, in studies and class-rooms. for psychological research, in the equipment of laboratories and experi- care been given to the planning of the most complete arrangement signed by Guy Lowell, '92, À difficult problem has been successfully solved in the erection of this It is thus seen that under one roof Harvard has now assembled depart- building. Sever and Robinson Halls differ 80 radically in architectural ments closely bound together, and has provided generous and splendid design, as well as in color and size, that the task of forming an harmonious accommodations for a great work whose results are immeasurable. Prof. group seemed well-nigh impossible when the ground was broken for Em- 1903, said: We want a spacious, noble, monumental hall. But Munsterberg in a speech at the Emerson Centenary at Concord, in May, erson Hall. The building, though one story greater in height, has been made to balance Robinson Hall in mass and design, and therefore with know also that the value of this memorial gift lies not in its walls and we roof, but in the kind of work which will develop within those walls. It Sever the three give to the Yard a group of much interest. The materials of construction are brick and limestone, used in about will be a true Emerson Memorial only if the words and work in that hall the same proportion as those in Robinson Hall. The most unusual fea- become help and guidance, wisdom and inspiration for new and new generations of Harvard Men." ture is the use of large columns of brick, which carry through two stories. These occur in a group of six upon the front, and in a group of two upon A.letter. Prof. Royce was read at the same meeting, in which the end elevation, giving a motive for the Yard entrance. They give the he said "That the founding of this new building may mean the begin- desired effect of light and shade without detracting from the quiet effect ning of a new life for philosophical study in our country, and the dawn- of color due to the predominance of brick. The columns are of Ionic ing of a new day for the interests of higher thought in our national affairs, is the earnest wish of your absent colleague." order, and the whole building is Greek in feeling and detail. Over the Prof. James, in an address at this centenary celebration, also said Yard entrance is the one word " Philosophy, and across the frieze over the colonnade, on the front, What is man that Thou art mindful of 'Gainst death and all oblivious enmity shall you pace forth, beloved master. As long as our English language lasts, men's hearts will be him At the present moment, although the newness of the limestone cheered and their souls strengthened and liberated by the noble and in the building gives rather sharp contrasts of color, the simplicity and musical pages with which you have enriched it." With the words in dignity of the design are such that time will quickly tone the structure, 80 mind of three of the professors who will labor together in this Emerson that its real qualities will give to the Yard an added character that it has Memorial Hall, the reality and worth of the building is realized for Har- greatly needed. vard and for humanity. The uses of the Hall will be such that the uniqueness of the Memorial FirstSearch: Detailed Record Page 1 of 1 Detailed Record Terms & Conditions OO © 1992-2003 OCLC LC Click on a checkbox to mark a record to be e-mailed or printed in Marked WorldCat Records. ? WorldCat results for: kw: lowell and kw: guy Subjects Libraries E-mail Print Export Help and dt= "bks" Record 19 of 19. 19 Mark: Prev Next st The works of Guy Lowell. B F W Russell 1906 English Book [13]-44 p. illus. [Boston] the GET THIS ITEM Availability: Check the catalogs in your library. Libraries worldwide that own item: 1 FIND RELATED More Like This: Search for versions with same title and author I Advanced options Title: The works of Guy Lowell. Author(s): Russell, B. F. W. Publication: [Boston] Year: 1906 Description: [13]-44 p. illus. Language: English Series: The Architectural Review, Feb. 1906.,; V. 13, no. 2; Document Type: Book Entry: 19870218 Update: 20010928 Accession No: OCLC: 15206786 Database: WorldCat im ? WorldCat results for: kw: lowell and kw: guy Subjects Libraries E-mail Print Export Help and dt= "bks" . Record 19 of 19. http://firstsearch.oclc.org/WebZ/FSFETCH?fetchtype=fullrecord:sessionid=sp01.. numrecs= 5/12/2003 Guy Lowell Page 1 of 3 John Singer Sargent's Guy Lowell (Frontpage) (What's New) (Thumbnails Index) (Refer This Site) www.arfa.org Guy Lowell 1917 John Singer Sargent -- American painter Museum of Fine Arts, Boston Charcoal on paper 62.5 X 46.4 cm (24 5/8 x 18 1/4 in.) Museum of Fine Arts, Boston: Gift of Mrs. Guy Lowell 27.217 Jpg: MFA (See interactive zoom at the MFA) Guy Lowell (1870-1927) architect and http://www.jssgallery.org/Paintings/Mugs/Guy_Lowell.htm 5/28/2003 Guy Lowell Page 2 of 3 landscape designer. In the mid 1890's he was chosen to design the new Museum of Fine Arts, Boston on Huntington Ave which would be his greatest building. He also designed Lowell Lecture Hall at Harvard, buildings at Andover Academy, Simmons College and Brown University. He edited several books on gardening, including American Gardens (1902) More Small Italian Villas and Farmhouses (1920). He attended MIT and the Ecole des Beaux Arts in Paris, finally graduating from MIT in 1894. Connected socially, he got the commission to for the MFA um Museum of Fine Arts, Boston Editor's note -- I had a hard time finding information on Guy Lowell. The information I did find seemed a little confusing. I might be confusing two separate Guy Lowells -- one an architect, one a landscape designer. Notes: See Sargent at the Museum of Fine Arts, Boston See the year in review 1917 http://www.jssgallery.org/Paintings/Mugs/Guy_Lowell.htm 5/28/2003 3/4/2015 THE DOWNEAST DILETTANTE 12,31.2009 " Eagmen Eegonos, Entrance front, C. 1910 (Architectural Record) I found an old clipping from the August 1913 issue of Country Life in America, by architect I. Howland Jones of Andrews, Jacques, & Rantoul, titled Adapting the Italian Villa to the Maine Coast. I will be posting from that wonderful article when I have more scan time, but in the meantime, it started me thinking about how many large and interesting houses in the Italian style were built up here in the early 20th century century, and I thought it might be interesting to feature several of them over the next few weeks. In the late 19th century, when Down East Maine became a popular summer location, promoters almost fell over themselves reaching for hyperbole to describe the scenery. Comparisons included Lake Como, the Swiss Alps, the German Alps, Scandinavia- you get the idea. New summer resorts were developed with names like Lucerne-in- Maine, or Sorrento, to evoke these foreign places. Eegonos, first floor plan (American Architect & Building News) htp://thedowneastdilettante.blogspot.com/search?updated-min=2009-01-01T00:00:00-05:00&updated-max=2010-01-01T00:00:00-05:00&max-results=21 21/28 3/4/2015 THE DOWNEAST DILETTANTE Eegonos, first floor plan (American Architect & Building News) One of the early villa style houses was built 1907 on Sonogee Point in Bar Harbor for the Walter Graeme Ladds. The She was the former Kate Everit Macy, a Standard Oil heiress and philanthropist, and he a lawyer, who apparently spent most of his time alternating gentlemanly pursuits with the management of her fortune. The architect was Guy Lowell, who would later design a Jacobethan manor house for the Ladd's estate in New Jersey. In a bad case of the cutes, the Bar Harbor estate was named 'Eegonos (Sonogee backwards), and the New Jersey estate, on the Raritan River, was called Natirir. Entrance Hall (Landvest Real Estate Ad, 2004) Eegonos was a roomy house, with large scaled proportions (14' ceilings in the enormous living room), 40 rooms on 3 floors and a service mezzanine, with elaborate iron balconies supported by equally elaborate stucco brackets. The central pavilion was arcaded, with elaborately carved mannerist style decoration with urns and niches. The classic Italian villa formula of arched central arcade was the most common model used in the Maine Italian villas, and in fact, both estates to the south of Eegonos on Eden Street shared variations on this form. Until the middle villa was demolished in the sixties, and the southernmost lost its upper floors in conversion to a nursing home, they made for a surprisingly harmonious streetscape, these three huge red tiled roof houses peeking through the pine trees with blue ocean beyond. /thedowneastdilettante.blogspot.com/search?updated-min=2009-01-01T00:00:00-05:00&updated-max=2010-01-01T00:00:00-05:008max-result 22/28 3/4/2015 THE DOWNEAST DILETTANTE Drawing Room (Landvest Dining Room (Landvest) Living between an Astor and a Vanderbilt, the Ladds entertained often, with musicales apparently one of their favorite forms in culturally self-conscious Bar Harbor, with some or another big bosomed diva trilling away for the delight of summer guests. Mr. Ladd died in 1934, Mrs. Ladd in 1945. Eegonos was purchased by Margaret Dorrance Strawbridge, heiress to the Campbell's Soup fortune, who died in 1953. After the triple threats of the Depression, WWII, and the Bar Harbor forest fire of 1947, Bar Harbor summer real estate values were at an all time low, and after several years on the market, Eegonos and the neighboring La Selva to the North were purchased for a song by Richard Gott for use as a summer school, L'Ecole Arcadie. The school closed in the seventies, and the contents auctioned. The cottage, still in decent condition, was purchased by an architect from Baltimore, and more recently has been a retreat center. It is listed on the National Register of Historic Places. The grounds are unusually simple, to the point of ordinary, with none of the elaborate and integrally designed gardens typical of Guy Lowell's work. ttp://thedowneastdilettante.blogspot.com/search?updated-min=2009-01-01T00:00:00-05:00&updated-max=2010-01-01T00:00:00-05:00&max-results 24/28 3/4/2015 THE DOWNEAST DILETTANTE Eegonos. Aerial view (Landvest) You might also like: Italian Villas on the Way Down East: A Little About the Maine Coast: The Ruggles Past and How I Partying with House Happen to Find Atwater Myself Linkwithin Posted by The Down East Dilettante at 10:22 PM 15 comments: Labels: Architecture, Bar Harbor, Cottage, Italian Villa, Mt. Desert Thanks, Blue Thanks to the Blue Remembered Hills for the kind mention yesterday. It is more than flattering to have my favorite bloggers stop by. You might also like: Saving Mrs. TODAY'S QUIZ Vizcaya in 1917: Farrand's Plants: The Interiors Asticou Linkwithin Posted by The Down East Dilettante at 8:52 PM No comments: 20.12.09 Nina Fletcher Little, Decorative Arts Detective It is snowing fiercely today, so I'm housebound, and torn between cleaning up a gigantic desk mess, or browsing ://thedowneastdilettante.blogspot.com/search?updated-min=2009-01-01T00:00:00-05:00&updated-max=2010-01-01T00:00:00-05:00&max-results=: 25/28 4/23/2017 Nina Sankovitch, "The Lowells of Massachusetts" I R.J. Julia Booksellers YEARS OF NEWSLETTERS(HTTP://ARCHIVE.CONSTANTCONTACT.COM/FS007/1101237142248/ARCHIVE/1102573111741.HTML) CONTACT US (/JUST-ASK-US) RJ * JULIA BOOKS THANK You FOR 25 YEARS! INDEPENDENT 199° BOOKSELLERS 2015 Search this website... LOG IN (/USER/LOGIN?DESTINATION=NODE/8211 I SIGN UP P/USER/REGISTER?DESTINATION=NODE/8211) Events Books Recommendations Kids & Young Adults Gifts & RJ Merchandise Book Clubs Programs & Services Corporate Sales (/corporate-sales) MON-SAT 10-8 I SUN 10-6 768 BOSTON POST ROAD I MADISON, CT 06443 I 203.245.3959 (HTTP://WWW.FACEBOOK.COM/RJJULIABOOKSELLERS) (HTTP://TWITTER.COM/RJJULIA) (HTTP://PINTEREST.COM/RJJULIA/) (HTTPS://INSTAGRAM.COM/RJJULIA/) Home (S) / Nina Sankovitch, "The Lowells of Massachusetts" Nina Sankovitch, "The Lowells of Massachusetts" The Lowells of Massachusetts were a remarkable family. They were settlers in the New World in the 1600s, revolutionaries creating a THE new nation in the 1700s, merchants and manufacturers building prosperity in the 1800s, and scientists and artists flourishing in the 1900s. For the first time, Nina Sankovitch tells the story of this fascinating and powerful dynasty in The Lowells of Massachusetts. LOWELLS OF Though not without scoundrels and certainly no strangers to controversy, the family boasted some of the most astonishing individuals in America's history: MASSACHUSETTS Percival Lowle, the patriarch who arrived in America in the seventeenth to plant the roots of the family tree; Reverend John Lowell, the preacher; Judge John Lowell, a member of the Continental Congress; Francis Cabot Lowell, manufacturer and, some say, founder of the Industrial Revolution in the U.S.; James Russell Lowell, American Romantic poet; Lawrence Lowell, one of Harvard's longest-serving and most controversial presidents; and Amy Lowell, the twentieth century poet who lived openly in a Boston Marriage with the actress Ada Dwyer Russell. The Lowells realized the promise of America as the land of opportunity by uniting Puritan values of hard work, community service, and individual An American Family responsibility with a deep-seated optimism that became a well-known family trait. Long before the Kennedys put their stamp on Massachusetts, the Lowells claimed the bedrock NINA SANKOVITCH is the author of Tolstoy and the Purple Chair (http://www.rjjulia.com/book/9780061999857) and Signed, Sealed, Delivered: Celebrating the Joys of Letter Writing (http://www.rjjulia.com/book/9781451687163). She was born in Evanston, Illinois and is a graduate of Evanston Township High School, Tufts University, and Harvard Law School. She currently lives in Connecticut. Please register for this FREE event here. (http://www.rjjulia.com/nina-sankovitch-42317) If you're unable to attend the event and would like a signed copy of The Lowells of Massachusetts, please purchase the "Signed" version below. Event Date: Sunday, April 23, 2017 2:00pm Event address: R.J. Julia Booksellers 768 Boston Post Road Madison, CT 06443 The Lowells of Massachusetts: An American Family (Hardcover) (/book/9781250069207) LOWELLS By Nina Sankovitch (/search/author/%22Sankovitch%2C%20Nina%22) $27.99 ISBN: 9781250069207 Availability: Usually Ships in 1-5 Days Published: St. Martin's Press April 11th, 2017 (/book/9781250069207) ADD TO CART LOWELLS Signed "The Lowells of Massachusetts" (/signed-lowells-massachusetts) 00000 (/signed- $27.99 SKU: s978-1250069207 lowells- ADD TO CART massachusetts) The Architectural Review Volume XIII. No. 2. February, 1906 The Works of Guy Lowell Pp. 12-41 By Benjamin F. W. Russell I N his book, " American Gardens," Mr. Lowell has said, " Our indicative of the ultimate result of the whole. Whether or not architecture has heretofore been a copy of some European the École is responsible for the outward expression in France style; our painters, sculptors and musicians study abroad. at present of a decadent period does not concern us. That many But as a nation we have strong individuality, and differences in men, lacking virile American blood, produce in their first build- requirements and local characteristics have modified the ideas ings after study abroad only echoes of projets should not on garden design which we have imported from Europe." blind us to the great underlying truth of the immeasurable "We may borrow, then, details and ideas from Italy, France value of the artistic inspiration France is giving America. and England, but we must adapt them skilfully to our own In this number on " The Works of Guy Lowell' is seen for needs, and give them the setting which they require." the first time the result of the early years of architectural Much has been said recently by various critics to prove that practice in this country of a diplomé man. In view of the there is, and always has been, a great lack of skilful adaptation wide discussion now prevalent, of present day tendencies, it is by us of the architecture of the older civilizations. Not only has of interest to see grouped together greatly varying problems it been the that have been constant claim solved on aca- that our archi- demic lines by tecture has no one person. distinctive na- It is of further tionality of its and broader in- own, but that terest to go we servilely deeply into the have followed vitality of the first of the principles and foundation of all that Mr. Lowell is believed to stand for, with Re L Guy Lowell. P.47. 1-20-19 Against all Odds MIT's Pioneering Women of Landscape Architecture * Eran Ben-Joseph, Holly D. Ben-Joseph, Anne C. Dodge Massachusetts Institute of Technology, School of Architecture and Planning, City Design and Development Group 77 Massachusetts Ave. 10-485 Cambridge, MA 02139 November 2006 * Recipient of the 6th Milka Bliznakov Prize Commendation: International Archive of Women in Architecture (IAWA) This research is aimed at exposing the influential, yet little known and short-lived landscape architecture program at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) between 1900 and 1209. Not only was it one of only two professional landscape architecture education programs in the United States at the time (the other one at Harvard also started at 1900), but the first and only one to admit both women and men. Women students were attracted to the MIT option because it provided excellent opportunities, which they were denied elsewhere. Harvard, for example did not admit women until 1942 and all-women institutions such as the Cambridge School or the Cornell program were established after the MIT program was terminated. Unlike the other schools of that time, the MIT program did not keep women from the well-known academic leaders and male designers of the time nor from their male counterparts. MIT. women had the opportunity to study directly with Beaux-Art design pioneers such as Charles S. Sargent, Guy Lowell, Désiré Despradelle, and the revered department head Francis Ward Chandler. Historical accounts acknowledged that a woman could "put herself through a stiff course" at MIT including advance science and structural engineering instruction. Several of MIT's female students went on to be well known landscape architects, authors and teachers. Rose Standish Nichols (1872-1960), was best known as a landscape gardener and author. She wrote several books including English Pleasure Gardens (1902), Italian Pleasure Gardens (1928) and Spanish and Portuguese Gardens (1924). Nichols was also an accomplished wood carver. Marion C. Coffin 01877-1957), an active practitioner, received her degree from MIT in 1904. Some of Coffin's best known projects include her designs for the grounds of Winterthur, the Henry F. du Pont estate and the campus layout for the University of Delaware. She won the Gold Medal of the Architectural League of New York for her work in 1930. Coffin was highly regarded in the field and perhaps the best known female landscape architect to graduate from MIT. Mabel K. Babcock (1862-1931), received her degree from MIT in 1908. She had not only an active practice but also taught landscape architecture courses at Wellesley College from 1910-1914. Among her best known designs are the MIT President's garden and Great (Killian) Court. She may have also been involved in the design of the Wellesley campus and Bates College in Maine. Cover image showing the architecture class around 1908-1909 with Francis Ward Chandler and Désiré Despradelle seated in front. 2 MIT's Pioneering Women of Landscape Architecture nicle, Brookline, Mass., February 10, 1927 GUY LOWELL DIES Brown University, Andover Academy Simmons College. and the State Normal ON TRIP ABROAD School were erected. The Cumberland County Court House at Portland, Maine ion Famed Architect and Leading Citizen is his work, as is the New York County CK C. CARREIRO Court House, and other notable examples Succumbs to Heart Attack of his work are the Public Library at kline Village North Andover, the building of the New A cablegram received by relatives Hampshire Historical Society at Concord. here last Saturday announced the death New Hampshire, the Pawtucket (Rhode LOTHING in Madeira, the day before, while en route to France, of Guy Lowell, one of Island) Memorial Hospital, the Piping America's foremost architects and for Rock Clubhouse at Locust Valley Long ISSES Island. He also designed the resi- many years a distinguished and leading dences and layed out the grounds of the JPRE RAYON resident of Brookline. It is believed estates of many prominent persons. He D KNICKER that death resulted from a sudden heart was the architect of the Iówa State Mem- attack as Mr. Lowell was in his usual SHADES, $1.75 orial at Vickesburg, Mississippi, and the health when he left here two weeks ago, Johnson Memorial Gates on Westland accompanied by Mrs. Lowell and Herbert Avenue, Boston, were. his work; while Sears of Boston, on one of his periodical he did the Edwin V. Curtis mémorial business. and pleasure trips to Europe, in Boston at the time of his death. Mr. SHOP and had planned to be abroad for some Lowell was working at the request of time. .The body is being brought back GE CORNER Governor Alvan T. Fuller in an attempt to Brookline and is expected to reach here to solve the problem of a proper treatment ASP. 3557 about February 22. Arrangements for the funeral have not been made at this for Copley Square and the erection by the Commonwealth of a fitting memorial writing. to her soldiers. Fortunately he finished The deceased was a member of the famed Lowell family-of-New England his design-f the memorial and it is now under consideration by the special com- that has given many illustrious persons to various walks of life, born in Boston mission, along with several other plans for memorials. When the National Art fifty-seven years ago. He was graduated Committee was formed to arrange for from Harvard in 1892 and two years paintings by American artists of portraits later received his degree of bachelor of sciènce from the Massachusetts In- of military, civic, and religious leaders in the World War, Mr. Lowell was chosen stitute of Technology. He spent the as one of the group. Three years ago e next five years studying architecture he received a commission as consulting abroad and was graduated from the architect on a new park system for Pitts- Ecole de Beaux Arts in Paris in 1899. S He began his career as an architect in burgh, Pennsylvania, work on which he was still engaged when he sailed for Boston a year later, becoming at the same time lecturer on landscape architecture Europe. During the World War Mr. Lowell at Technology, a position he held for saw fourteen months of service in Italy S Co. the next thirteen years, and advisory as director of the department of military architect for the then Metropolitan rset 1100 affairs of the American Red Cross. For Park Commission in the development this service he earned the publicity ex- of the park system and Charles River Basin, serving in this capacity until pressed by the King and the Pope. He HERDS was also decorated with the Medal of the later project was completed. He Valor, which is the Italian counterpart soon attracted attention by his work of the Distinguished Service Cross, and and in a few years had reached a com- also the Italian Military Cross, and other EN manding place in his profession. During honors bestowed on him were the order subsequent years he designed and carried of SS. Mauritius and Lazarus and the LE out many large public and private build- Order of the Crown of Italy. ng and landscape projects and enjoyed He was an enthusiastic yachtsman. a large clientele. He was considered an LDS and his boat, the-Cima, was one of three authority on architectural matters and American yachts to take part in the Kiel had written a number of books and other regatta in 1911. erience compositions on architecture. In addition to his office in Boston, Mr. Locally he was known as the designer Lowell had one in New York. He was of the Museum of Fine Arts building in a member of the Somersef Club. the Boston. He was the architect for Emer- Tavern Club the Eastern Yacht Club, Hall Harvard and the residence of Racauet here last Saturday announced the death New Hampshire, the Pawtucket (Rhode in Madeira, the day before, while en Island) Memorial Hospital, the Piping route to France, of Guy Lowell, one of Rock Clubhouse at Locust Valley, Long America's foremost architects and for Island, He also designed the resi- many years a distinguished and leading dences and layed out the grounds of the PRE RAYON resident of Brookline. It is believed estates of many prominent persons. He KNICKER that death resulted from a sudden heart was the architect of the Iowa State Mem- attack as Mr. Lowell was in his usual SHADES, $1.75 orial at Vickesburg, Mississippi, and the health when he left here two weeks ago, Johnson Memorial Gates on Westland accompanied by Mrs. Lowell and Herbert Avenue, Boston, were his work; while Sears of Boston, on one of his periodical he did the Edwin V. Curtis mémorial business and pleasure trips to Europe, in Boston at the time of his death. Mr. S SHOP and had planned to be abroad for some Lowell was working at the request of time The body is being brought back DGE CORNER Governor Alvan T. Fuller in an attempt to Brookline and is expected to reach here to solve the problem of a proper treatment G. ASP. 3557 about February 22. Arrangements for for Copley Square and the erection by the the funeral have not been made at this Commonwealth of a fitting memorial writing. to her soldiers. Fortunately he finished The deceased was a member of the famed Lowell family-of-New England his design- the memorial and it is now under consideration by the special com- that has given many illustrious persons mission, along with several other plans to various walks of life, born in Boston for memorials. When the National Art fifty-seven years ago. He was graduated Committee was formed to arrange for from Harvard in 1892 and two years later received his degree of bachelor paintings by American artists of portraits ay of military, civic, and religious leaders in of sciènce from the Massachusetts In- the World War, Mr. Lowell was chosen ys stitute of Technology. He spent the as one of the group. Three years ago :he next five years studying architecture he received .a commission as consulting abroad and was graduated from the sts architect on a new park system for Pitts- Ecole de Beaux Arts in Paris in 1899. le's burgh, Pennsylvania, work on which He began his career as an architect in he was still engaged when he sailed for Boston a year later, becoming at the same time lecturer on landscape architecture Europe. During the World War Mr. Lowell at Technology, a position he held for saw fourteen months of service in Italy ts Co. the next thirteen years, and advisory as director of the department of military architect for the then Metropolitan Merset 1100 affairs of the American Red Cross. For Park Commission in the development this service he earned the publicity ex- of the park system and Charles River HERDS Basin, serving in this capacity until pressed by the King and the Pope. He was also decorated with the Medal of the later project was completed. He Valor, which is the Italian counterpart soon attracted attention by his work of the Distinguished Service Cross, and and in a few years had reached a com- also the Italian Military Cross, and other DEN manding place in his profession. During honors bestowed on him were the order subsequent years he designed and carried of SS. Mauritius and Lazarus and the BLE out many large public and private build- Order of the Crown of Italy. ng and landscape projects and enjoyed He was an enthusiastic yachtsman, a large clientele. He was considered an LDS and his boat, the Cima, was one of three authority on architectural matters and American yachts to take part in the Kiel had written a number of books and other regatta in 1911. perience" compositions on architecture. In addition to his office in Boston, Mr. Locally he was known as the designer Lowell had one in New York. He was of the Museum of Fine Arts building in a member of the Somerset Club, the Boston He was the architect for Emer- Tavern Club, the Eastern Yacht Club, son Hall at Harvard and the residence of Automobile Club. and Tennis and Racquet the president of the university, while Club. Harvard Club. the Brook_Club-of from his drawings several buildings at New York, the New York Yacht Club, and the Piping Rock Club, also of New Smart Wearing Apparel York. He was a trustee of Simmons College and of the Lowell Observatory MILLINERY at Flagstaff, Arizona. On returning to Boston after his two KEEPS YOU Helen Cheney Shop years of study in Paris, Lowell married FIT 14 PLEASANT ST., COOLIDGE CORNER Henrietta Sargent. daughter of Professor. Reg. 1632 Charles S. Sargent of "Holm Lea." She survives him, as do a brother, Frederick E. Lowell of the board of trustees of the CO M PERSONALITY SHOPPE Boston Symphony Orchestra; and a TO THE sister, Mrs. James Hardy Ropes (Alice Individual Tastes Catered to in Lowell), wife of Professor Ropes, the LADIES' APPAREL theologian, and dean of special students MILLINERY at Harvard University. LHANRAHAN Lenox Talk: Addition 1. In the earl y 20th-century Architect Guy Lowell was working on projects in threde communities where Dorr had strong attachments. In nearby Stockbridge, Lowell is at work on Clover???? while Spring Lawn is being established here in Lenox in 1904, asa Dorr ramps up discussions with Edith Wharton about her wild gardens. Back in Cambridge, Guy Lowell has been hired to construct a new structure in the Harvard Yard to house the most prestigious array of American philosophers. To be named Emerson Hall, Dorr was chair of the committee tasked with raising funds for its construction. The impression Lowell left on Dorr prompted Dorr to hire him in 1905 for a project in Bar Harbor, construction of a Parthenon-like performance structure called the Building of the Arts. George Vanderbilt, Mr. Dorr, and John Innes Kane were among the key financiers. (See GBD to David B. Ogden, 11/29/1905). 2018 RHEpp The Architectural Review Volume XIII. No. 2. February, 1906 R.13f. The Works of Guy Lowell By Benjamin F. W. Russell I N his book, American Gardens," Mr. Lowell has said, Our indicative of the ultimate result of the whole. Whether or not architecture has heretofore been a copy of some European the École is responsible for the outward expression in France style ; our painters, sculptors and musicians study abroad. at present of a decadent period does not concern us. That many But as a nation we have strong individuality, and differences in men, lacking virile American blood, produce in their first build- requirements and local characteristics have modified the ideas ings after study abroad only echoes of projets should not on garden design which we have imported from Europe " blind us to the great underlying truth of the immeasurable We may borrow, then, details and ideas from Italy, France value of the artistic inspiration France is giving America. and England, but we must adapt them skilfully to our own In this number on The Works of Guy Lowell is seen for needs, and give them the setting which they require." the first time the result of the early years of architectural Much has been said recently by various critics to prove that practice in this country of a diplom? man In view of the there is, and always has been, a great lack of skilful adaptation wide discussion now prevalent, of present day tendencies, it is by us of the architecture of the older civilizations. Not only has of interest to see grouped together greatly varying problems it been the that have been constant claim solved on aca. that our archi- demic lines by tecture has no one person. distinctive na- It is of further tionality of its and broader in- own, but that terest to go we servilely deeply into the have followed vitality of the first one school principles and of the foreign foundation of all masters and that Mr. Lowell then another. is believed to This is true; stand for, with and these suc- the results of cessive changes his training and and interming- his architectural ling of styles creed before us. have left hetero- In recent years geneous masses those who have of public and HOUSE FOR MR. BRYCE J. ALLAN, PRIDES CROSSING, MASS. sought to make domestic build- a start toward ings all over this country to an infinitely greater extent than at the working out of a national expression through a conscious any previous time in any land. This has left us without the effort have decried most strongly the influence of the Ecote des least sign of an architectural evolution, as the years have Beaux-Arts upon American architecture. gone on. No one influence can be entirely good or complete. Let us For the last fifty years a new and great influence upon condemn that which is evil, and seek out and profit by that American architecture has been steadily growing. The primary which is good. source of this influence is in the École des Beaux-Arts of The academic method of attacking and solving a problem the French Government at Paris. In reality this school has has ceased to be a fad or a fashion. It has persisted to such been promulgating a great fundamental idea, namely, the an extent that it is bringing about a veritable revolution. academic in architecture. This means our architecture, first of all, is to be founded on That the influence of this school and of France at the symmetry, rhythm and logical standards, and that our buildings present time is deeper and more abiding than any previously shall express their uses. exerted, there is no gainsaying. truth of this is shown in each of the works of Guy Lowell. Much that is external, superficial and passing, as in any The greater truth shown is that strict adherence to these funda- great movement, is being taken by the critics of the day as mental ideas does not result in a formalism which degenerates Tbr photographs with one (tris exceptions are his Thomas E. Marr. Copyright, 1900, by Barri ($) Guild Company 14 THE ARCHITECTURAL REVIEW HOUSE FOR MR. BRYCE J. ALLAN, PRIDES CROSSING, MASS. GENERAL VIEW. into an abstraction devoid of genius, personality and individ- academic training. The days have moved swiftly in America uality since these men left Paris. Hundreds have now followed their Richardson and Hunt first demonstrated the value of the example, They were pioneers. They opened up great academic training, when tempered by a personality that is capa- possessions for the generations that are coming after them. Our ble of selecting that which is vital. Whether we consider that principal schools of architecture are now getting primary inspi- which these men left as lasting or not, we cannot be so blinded ration from the French method, and, beyond this, are yearly by our prejudice against the modern French influence but that sending recruits to go deeper into the heart of its teachings we acknowledge There are that they have many men who contributed are unable to through their interpret the work in a large modern aca- and vital way to demic methods the present day into terms that impulse for make for a better things. richer fulfilment We cannot but in American acknowledge soil of lessons that they were from the past themselves truly learned in great architects. foreign lands. It It was they who is they whose first showed work is exotic, that a vigorous It is against mind born to its them that the profession gains great body of in power and criticism should even individual- be directed, ity through an THE OCEAN FRONT OF THE ALLAN HOUSE. and the whole