Delafield, Francis 1841-1915 Delafield Delafield became the mother of Francis Delafield [q.v.], pathetic. In accordance with a decision made the pathologist. early in life, he retired from professional and [S. W. Francis, Medic. and Surgic. Reporter, XV hospital duties at the age of sixty, though he was (1866), 509-15; Medic. Record, N. Y., X (1875), 135; then at the height of his physical and mental Trans. Am. Ophthalm. Soc., II (1876), 275, 339-4I; vigor. He continued in practise as a consultant A. A. Hubbell, The Development of Ophthalmology in America 1800-1870 (1908).] J.F.F. until shortly before his death, which resulted from apoplexy, at Noroton, near Stamford, DELAFIELD, FRANCIS (Aug. 3, I84I- Conn. July 17, 1915), pathologist and physician, was Delafield made contributions of first impor- the son of Edward Delafield [q.v. and his wife, tance to pathology, especially of nephritis and Julia Floyd. After receiving the degree of A.B. of the diseases of the colon. He was also among from Yale in 1860 he entered the College of the first to insist upon the difference between Physicians and Surgeons in New York and acute lobar pneumonia and bronchopneumonia there received his medical degree in 1863. On (1882). His scientific papers number nearly a graduation he went immediately to Europe where hundred, and his influence and teachings were he continued his medical work in London, Ber- widely felt through an unusually successful text- lin, and Paris, taking full advantage of the op- book, A Handbook of Post Mortem Examina- portunities then being offered for detailed post- tions and of Morbid Anatomy, first published in mortem study. The influence of Rudolf Virchow 1872, and revised and enlarged, in collaboration was at that time beginning to be felt strongly in with T. Mitchell Prudden, in 1885. The twelfth medical science, and Delafield became an ardent edition appeared in 1922. In 1878 Delafield follower. He returned to America firmly con- issued with Charles F. Stillman a Manual of vinced that pathological anatomy was the sine Physical Diagnosis. His fame as a pathologist qua non of scientific medicine, and he according- was greatly enhanced through the publication of ly passed the greater part of his time during the his Studies in Pathological Anatomy, an elabo- next thirty years in the post-mortem room mak- rately illustrated pathological atlas which ap- ing detailed studies of pathological tissues, me- peared in parts between 1878 and 1891. He also ticulously correlating his findings with clinical contributed chapters to many medical and sur- features observed before death. He was soon gical treatises, such as his "Pymia and Allied recognized as a leading authority in pathology Conditions" in The International Encyclopedia and clinical diagnosis. In 1866 he became cura- of Surgery (1881) and his "Diseases of the Kid- tor at Bellevue Hospital, in 1871 pathologist at neys" in Twentieth Century Practice (1895). the Roosevelt Hospital, and in 1875 visiting On Jan. 17, 1870, Delafield married Katherine physician in the Bellevue Hospital. In the fol- Van Rensselaer of New York. lowing year he was made adjunct professor of [T. C. Janeway, Medic. Record, 1915, LXXXVIII, pathology and the practise of medicine at the 929 N. Y. Medic. Jour., 1915, CII, 202 Am. Medi- cine, 1915, X. 522; Boston Medic. and Surgic. Jour., College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, 1915, CLXXIII, 186; Jour. Am. Medic. Asso., 1915, and in 1882 was made full professor in the place LXV, 349; Who's Who in America, 1914-15.] of Alonzo Clark [q.v.]. In 1886, in company J.F.F. with William Osler, James Tyson [qq.v.], James DELAFIELD, JOHN (Mar. 16, 1748-July E. Graham, and William Pepper [q.v.], he 3, 1824), merchant, son of John and Martha founded and became president of the Associa- (Dell) Delafield, was among the first men of tion of American Physicians, which was to have English birth to establish themselves in Amer- a profound influence upon the development of ica after the close of the Revolution. His family medicine. The first meeting of this organization had lived in England since the Norman Con- was picturesquely referred to by Osler as "the quest, having been, as the name suggests, of coming-of-age party of internal medicine in French origin. His father was a prosperous America" (International Clinics, Philadelphia, dealer in cheese. One of his sisters married 1915, IV, I). William Arnold, customs collector on the Isle Delafield was a remarkably effective teacher. of Wight, and was the mother of Dr. Thomas It is said that his lectures were particularly at- Arnold of Rugby, while another sister became tractive because of his simple, forceful delivery the teacher of the six-year-old boy Thomas after and the fact that the information which they the death of his father. John Delafield as a young contained was based wholly on first-hand ex- man had accumulated property and at thirty- perience. By nature he was somewhat austere five was prepared to emigrate to the United and little given to amusements or levity, but to States and cast his lot with the new Republic. his students he was stimulating and always sym- The manner of his coming had in it something 208 DAB 3, Pt. /