Cabot, Richard C. 1939 1868 - Capot, Kicnara C. (Kicnara Clarke), 1868-1939. Papers of Richard Clarke Cabot : an inve. Page 1 of 58 Cabot, Richard C. (Richard Clarke), 1868-1939. Papers of Richard Clarke Cabot : an inventory Harvard University Archives VE RI TAS Harvard University ©President and Fellows of Harvard College, 2006 Descriptive Summary Repository: Harvard University Archives Call No.: HUG 4255.xx Title: Papers of Richard Clarke Cabot, 1886-1974 (inclusive), 1888-1939 (bulk) Quantity: ca. 255 boxes Abstract: Richard Clarke Cabot (1868-1939) was a physician and medical educator whose interests included social work, religion and medicine, and medical ethics. The Papers of Richard Clarke Cabot document both his professional and family life. Note: This document last updated 2006 April 12. didlangmaterial [code "ENG" not found in ISO 639-2 list]. Processing Note: The Papers Richard Clarke Cabot were processed in two separate projects. The first was in 1977- 1978. Several subsequent accessions and unprocessed material from the older accession were processed in 1997. Researchers should be aware that a thorough perusal of both sections of this finding aid is necessary because both portions contain material of similar natures. The finding aid has a great deal of detail, but its overall organization does not provide sufficient guidance for researchers. Overall Organization of the Collection The first project processed 126 containers. These materials are referred to collectively as Correspondence and other papers, 1886-1939. The second project processed 129 containers. There is no collective name for this material. It is instead organized into the following series: Biographical Material, Correspondence, Writings, Teaching Material, Lectures of Professor Rosenstock-Huessy, and Medical Records. Restrictions: Restrictions on access to the collection apply. Portions of the collection are closed. Contact Harvard http://oasis.harvard.edu:10080/oasis/deliver/xslTransform?histno=1&xslFileName=Findin... 8/22/2006 Cabot, Richard C. (Richard Clarke), 1868-1939. Papers of Richard Clarke C...: an inventor Page 2 of 72 2 social ethics, from 1902 until 1934. He practiced at Massachusetts General Hospital from 1898 until 1921. Cabot was born on May 21, 1868 in Brookline, Massachusetts. He was the fifth son of James Elliot and Elizabeth (Dwight) Cabot. He attended the Nobel and Greenough School after which he attended Harvard. He received his A.B. degree summa cum laude in 1889 and his M.D. in 1892. On October 26, 1894, Cabot married Ella Lyman (1866- 1934). He started his medical career at Massachusetts General Hospital and continued as a member of the consulting staff there until his death. He was also a consultant to the New England Hospital for Women and Children, the Westboro School for Boys, and the Lancaster School for Girls. He was an army doctor on the hospital ship Bay State in the Spanish-American War and at a base hospital in France during World War I. He was a maverick in the medical field, favoring socialized medicine and founding a department of medical social work at Massachusetts General Hospital in 1905. He also created the teaching method known as the clinicopathological conference (C.P.C.). Cabot's teaching career spanned nearly four decades. At Harvard, he was Lecturer on Philosophy (1902-1903), Instructor in Clinical Medicine (1903-1908), Assistant Professor of Clinical Medicine (1908-1913), Assistant Professor of Medicine (1913-1918), Professor of Clinical Medicine (1918-1933), and Professor of Social Ethics (1920-1934). From 1935 to 1939, he was professor of natural theology at the Andover-Newton Theological School. Cabot's earliest writings were on blood, serum, and physical diagnosis. His clinical studies resulted in a series of famous medical books including Physical Diagnosis, Case Histories in Medicine, and Differential Diagnosis. His later writings were on ethics and include What Men Live By, The Meaning of Right and Wrong, and Adventures on the Borderland of Ethics. He belonged to many professional organizations, including the American Academy of Arts and Sciences, the Association of American Physicians, the American Medical Association, the Massachusetts Medical Society, Sigma Xi, and the National Conference of Social Work, of which he was president in 1930. Cabot received various honors throughout his career, including the gold medal of the National Institute of Social Sciences (1931) and three honorary degrees, an LL.D. (Rochester, 1930), an L.D.H. (Syracuse, 1934) and a D.D. (Colby, 1938). He died on May 7, 1939 in Cambridge, Massachusetts. Scope of the Richard Clarke Cabot Papers http://oasis.harvard.edu/html/hua02998.html 1/24/2004 Cabot, Richard C. (Richard Clarke), 1868-1939. Papers of Richard Clarke C...: an inventor Page 3 of 72 3 This collection documents both Cabot's professional life and his family life. A large subseries documents the efforts of Ada P. McCormick to produce a biography of Cabot. Cabot's professional interests are reflected in medical records, teaching materials, writings, and speeches. These records document his practice of medicine, his interest in social medicine, medical ethics and religion, and the teaching of both clinical and social aspects of medicine. Personal, family, and biographical material consists of both original documents, such as diaries, photographs, and correspondence, and research notes and manuscripts, such as Ada McCormick's interviews with family and friends and drafts of portions of the biography she began to write. Administrative Information Restrictions: Restrictions on access to the collection apply. Portions of the collection are closed. Contact Harvard University Archives Reference staff for details. Processing Note: The Papers Richard Clarke Cabot were processed in two separate projects. The first was in 1977-1978. Several subsequent accessions and unprocessed material from the older accession were processed in 1997. Researchers should be aware that a thorough perusal of both sections of this finding aid is necessary because both portions contain material of similar natures. The finding aid has a great deal of detail, but its overall organization does not provide sufficient guidance for researchers. Organization The first project processed 126 containers. These materials are referred to collectively as Correspondence and other papers, 1886-1939. The second project processed 129 containers. There is no collective name for this material. It is instead organized into the following series: Biographical Material, Correspondence, Writings, Teaching Material, Lectures of Professor Rosenstock-Huessy, and Medical Records. Overview of Series and Subseries in the Collection Material described 1977-1978 Correspondence and Other Papers, ca. 1886-1939. HUG 4255 Biographical Material (25 containers) Correspondence (21 containers) Teaching Notes (65 containers) General File (8 containers) http://oasis.harvard.edu/html/hua02998.html 1/24/2004 Cabot, Richard C. (Richard Clarke), 1868-1939. Papers of Richard Clarke C., an inventor Page 5 of 72 4 Diaries, Notes, Address Books, Guest Books, and Photograph Album Important Dates since 1894 Box 1 Miscellaneous fragments Box 1 Readings by RCC Box 1 Notebook 1894 and European Trip, 1894 : Vol. I Box 1 Items inserted into above notebook. Box 1 Notebook 1894 and European Trip, 1894 : Vol. II Box 1 Items inserted into above notebook. Box 1 Notes on Dr. Cabot's illness January 6-May 7, 1939; notes on Mrs. Cabot's illness by RCC, September 1934 Box 1 Funeral Service Box 1 Miscellaneous notes and fragments Box 1 Personal Box 1 Books which have influenced me (R.C.C.) Box 1 Reprint from The Development of Harvard University since the inauguration of President Eliot 1869-1929, ed. Samuel Eliot Morison Box 2 Data regarding the life of RCC, with one sheet containing pencilled data in his own handwriting Box 2 Western War Trip, December to March 1916-1917 Box 2 RCC Notebook, February 1925-February 1926 Box 2 Degree (Colby College 1938, Honorary) and photos Box 2 Diary, 1888 Box 3 Journal of the Western Trip, 1901 (also, last of the European trips, October, 1930, in end of book) Box 3 Notes in Philosophical Conferences and inserts Box 3 Notebook [Discussions on Philosophical Subjects, 1902-1903] and inserts Box 3 Notebook on Cruise, 1934 Box 3 Photos and drawings from Cruise Notebook, 1934 Box 3 Notebook The Test of the Prophets, Balance, Sources of Enthusiasm, Relation of Long Jobs and Short Jobs Box 3 Founders of the RCC Educational Fund (Bound volume) Box 3 Inserts from above item: Letters and an address (on Presence, by RCC) European Trip, Summer of 1928 Box 3 Ella Lyman, Philosophy 2 (course) paper Box 3 RCC '89: Philosophy 13 Mid-Year Box 3 Diary, 1932-1934 Box 4 Guest Book, Cohasset, 1909-1922 Box 4 Address Book and inserts Box 4 Party Book, Northeast Harbor, 1929-1937 Bo 4 Birthday Book and inserted letter, 1935 Box 4 Northeasterly Log and inserts, 1935-1937 Box 4 http://oasis.harvard.edu/html/hua02998.html 1/24/2004 Cabot, Richard C. (Richard Clarke), 1868-1939. Papers of Richard Clarke C...: an inventor Page 6 of 72 5 Guest Book, Cohasset, and inserts, including some photographs, 1920-1932 Box 4 Notebook containing recipes, with inserts, [1892] Box 10 Notebook: Second European Trip, 1908 Box 10 Diary 1883 Box 10 Notebook: Medical Notes Box 10 Notebook: Diary (partial) 1885 Box 10 Notebook: Address Book (Paris), 1917-1918) Box 10 Harvard Athletics: 2 Scrapbooks, 1883-1884 Box 11 Album of snapshots at Cohasset and Waltham Box 11 Scrapbook notes and sketches by Catharine I. Fraser Box 21 Cabot Material Box 22 Cabot Pictures - Property of Margaret Riley, R.N. Box 22 [Notes] Box 21 American Expeditionary Force Mock medal, "Chevalier de la Legion Du Fou Rire" Box 5 Lt. Col, Cabot, A.E.F. [American Expeditionary Force]: Commission, discharge, etc., 1917-1919 Box 5 Lt. Col. Cabot, A.E.F.: Personal Reports, Travel Orders, etc., 1917-1919 Box 5 Notes and Documents on France, 1917-1919 Box 5 Receipted Bills: France, 1917-1919 Box 5 Notes of RCC's trip to the British Front, Oct. 1917 Box 5 Book I: Notes on 'Flu' Epidemic Base Hospital No. 6 A.E.F., 1918 Box 5 Notes on Emphysema: Bordeaux, 1917-1918 Box 5 Clinical Notes and Autopsies: France, 1917-1919 Box 5 Copies of Monthly Reports, Base Hospital No. 6 A.E.F. 1917-1919 Box 5 Miscellaneous papers relating to service in A.E.F. Box 5 Miscellaneous papers 1917-1919: newspaper clippings, magazine article by RCC, some photos and postcards, Red Cross Bulletin Box 5 Notes of speech by RCC at the Reunion of Base Hospital No. 6, March 18, 1939 Box 5 Old programs with a sketch by RCC of Base Hospital No. 6 Box 5 Photographs: Base Hospital No. 6. A.E.F. Box 5 Personal Calendars 1907-1917 Box 6 1918-1929 Box 7 1930-1939 Includes article from N.Y. Herald Tribune, October, 1938 re: RCC talk on group medicine Box 8 Appointment and Note Books, 1891-1939 and undated Box 9 Philosophy, Ethics, and Religion Early notes on philosophy and ethics Box 14 http://oasis.harvard.edu/html/hua02998.html 1/24/2004 Cabot, Richard C. (Richard Clarke), 1868-1939. Papers of Richard Clarke C...: an inventor Page 16 of 72 DeNormandie, Rev. James Derr, John S. Derr, Norman ("Mademoiselle Miss", 3 letters and MS, 1917) DeSelincourt, Anne Douglas Sedgwick DeSelincourt, Basil (7) Dexter, J. E. Dicks, Rev. Russell L. Doane, T. A. Dodge, Miss Sally Doe, Jessie (and copy of answer) NO Dole, Rev. Charles F. Dorsey, Elizabeth (1889) GBD Doty, Madeleine Z. (4) Dow, Mrs. Fayette (Margaret Elder) (4) Drake, Mrs. Durant (3) Draper, Eben S., Governor of Massachusetts Drinker, Mrs. Sophie Dunbar, Anna L. (5, 1891-1892) Dunham, Dr. Theodore Dunn, Mary N. Dutton, Robert L. Dye, Rev. Royal J., M.D. Eaton, Bertha L. (4, 1908-1911) Eayrs, Jesse V. Edes, Robert Edsall, Dr. David L. (1917) Edler, Mrs. S. J. Eliot, Charles W. (5, 1917 ff.) Ellis Memorial Club (1922) Emerson, Haven, M.D. (and copy of answer, 1924) Ernst, Dr. Harold L. Evans, Mrs. Glendower (many, 1897-1929) Ewer, Bernard C. Farley, Beth Faxon, Nathaniel W. (1937) Fairchild, Lucia (2, 1887) Fairchild, Sally (1885) Federal Council of Churches in America (1933) Felden, Dr. Ladislac Gyori (Group Medicine in Cuba, 1937) Ferguson, C. (2, 1902) Fifield, James W., Jr. (and copy of answer) Fiske, Annie W. (5, 1887-?) Fletcher, Ruth E. http://oasis.harvard.edu/html/hua02998.html 1/24/2004 Page 1 of 1 PRIVATE PRACTICE m the Early Twentieth Century Medical Office of:Dr. Richard Cabot 00000000000000000000 J Hopkins 2005 Christopher Crenner Cabot progropleant Denals: P. D. White "Obility" NEJU 1939, 220, 1049-52. I. S. Evingon. Programation x Idealesm in the Professions," Ph.D. Diss. U. Chicago, 1993. R.C. CABOT recommended by Josiar Royce to G.B.Dorr regarding a position on Harvard's Visiting Committee in Philosophy. http://ecx.images-amazon.com/images/I/41K2XG86H5L._SS500_.jpg 2/23/2010 Byrns Cabot he have any opposition, and then he defeated was also a Mason and Shriner. Over six feet his opponent by a margin of five to one. tall and spare of frame, he had bushy, black medley Assigned to the important Committee on Ap- eyebrows and keen brown eyes. On Aug. 23, propriations at the beginning of his second 1898, he married Julia E. Woodard of Nash- pictur- term in Congress, Byrns championed economy ville; they had one son, Joseph Wellington. history in government and tariff reduction. Later, dur- After presiding in the House on June 3, 1936, of his ing World War I, as chairman of an appro- Byrns suffered a heart attack; he died follow- -shoul- priations subcommittee, he pushed through the ing a cerebral hemorrhage early the next morn- canding House the enormous appropriations needed to ing. After memorial services at the Capitol, IC long sustain the war effort. He admired Woodrow his remains were taken to Nashville, where they ty. As Wilson greatly and consistently supported his were interred in the Mt. Olivet Cemetery. ) be a legislative program throughout both presidential moral [Cong. Directory, 1909-36; Cong. Record, 1909-36; terms. With the return of the Republicans to habit- Who's Who in Tenn., 1911; J. T. Moore and A. P. Foster, power after the war Byrns resumed his post Tenn., the Volunteer State (1923), III, 821; W. T. Hale regard- and D. L. Merritt, A Hist. of Tenn. and Tennesseans Butler, as a "watchdog of the Treasury." By clever (1913), IV, 1106; Who's Who in America, 1934-35; manipulation of figures, he attempted to punc- Nashville Tennessean, June 4, 5, 1936; N. Y. Times, 1-speed ture Republican claims of "constructive econ- June 4 to 7, 1936; J. M. Galloway, "Joseph W. Byrns," 12. MS. in Univ. of Tenn. Lib.; Collier's, Mar. 19, 1932; omy." Along with his fellow Tennessean Cor- Newsweek, June 13, 1936; Time, June I5, 1936; Literary arles L. dell Hull he criticized the prevailing high- Digest, July 6, 1935; "Memorial Services," 75 Cong., I lyde H. Sess., House Doc., No. 348.] 39) and tariff policy as destructive of American trade STANLEY J. FOLMSBEE Gazette. and contributory to world-wide depression. ); N. Y. After the Democrats secured control of the LOCK House of Representatives in the mid-term CABOT, RICHARD CLARKE (May 2I, election of 1930, Byrns became chairman of the 1868-May 7, 1939), physician, medical re- (July Appropriations Committee. Two years later, former, social worker, the fifth in a family of House when John N. Garner became vice-president seven sons of James Elliot and Elizabeth n near and was succeeded as speaker of the House by (Dwight) Cabot, was born at Brookline, Mass., ne eld- Henry T. Rainey [q.v.], Byrns advanced to into a group of wealthy and intimately asso- ary E. the post of majority leader. In this capacity ciated New England families, among them the ih and he guided through the lower house all of the Jacksons, Higginsons, Dudleys, Perkinses, red an basic New Deal legislative measures. At the Lowells, and Lees-families distinguished for Nash- adjournment of the 73rd Congress in 1934 he their dedication to the ideals of social ameliora- school stated with pride that, under his management, tion and cultural advancement. His father, edi- ent to "in every single instance the House passed the tor of the works of Ralph Waldo Emerson ed the President's recovery bills." He made no men- [q.v.] and his biographer, spent some years of to the tion of the extent to which those measures his life as an architect but most of it as a tice of conflicted with his previously expressed views philosopher. His mother was active in chari- on economy and state rights; he placed party table and educational affairs of the community. 1 1894 loyalty above personal opinions, as he had al- A cousin, Joseph Lee [q.v.], devoted his life of the ready done in accepting the "wet" plank in to social work. Having prepared for college ed in the Democratic platform. at G. W. C. Noble's Classical School in Bos- during This outstanding loyalty was rewarded in ton, Cabot entered Harvard, from which he ted to 1935 by election to the speakership following graduated in 1889, A.B. summa cum laude, IT dis- the death of Speaker Rainey, although Roose- and the Harvard Medical School, from which y two velt probably would have preferred either Wil- he received the M.D. degree in 1892. In 1894 ty po- liam Bankhead [q.v.] or Sam Rayburn to the he married Ella Lyman of Waltham, Mass., paign easygoing Tennessean. Using "friendly per- who became a distinguished teacher and writer, lefeat- suasion" rather than "big stick" methods, Byrns interested, like her husband, in psychology and John was able to manage successfully the unwieldy ethics. Their marriage, though childless, was earlier Democratic majority. He was credited by the a devoted and happy one. the Literary Digest with establishing "the first ef- Although Cabot's several interests ran con- and fective information-service ever attempted in currently throughout his life, his career began fresh- the House"; using fifteen deputy party whips, with contributions to medical science in the prom- he was able to learn within half an hour how strict sense. His first book, A Guide to the the membership would vote on any issue. Clinical Examination of the Blood (1897), ran til his A Methodist in his church affiliations, Byrns through five editions by 1904. Stimulated by 2, did 8 3 D.A.B. Cabot Cabot his experience as a medical officer (lieutenant) experiences at the Massachusetts General Hos- final in the Spanish-American War, he brought out pital, he said of the clinic patient, "I needed in- in I899 Serum Diagnosis of Disease, in which formation about his home, about his lodgings, ture he showed how typhoid fever could be diag- his work, his family, his worries, his nutrition. logi nosed and differentiated from malaria. His My diagnosis, therefore, remained slip- [q.z Physical Diagnosis of Diseases of the Chest shod and superficial in many cases. Psy's Facing and (1900 and many subsequent editions) continued my own failures day after day, seeing my own Mor for four decades as a definitive and widely used diagnoses useless because I could not get textbook. In 1906 he published Case Histories the necessary treatment carried out, my work ship cal in Medicine and Case Teaching in Medicine. came to seem almost intolerable." His response soci His Differential Diagnosis (2 vols., 1911-14) was the launching of a medical social service tinu went through several editions. Of all Cabot's unit at the Massachusetts General Hospital- this technical writings in the field of medicine; the prototype for this kind of medical social lane Dr. Paul Dudley White has selected his article work. and on heart disease in the Journal of the American From the start Cabot was able to enlist the final Medical Association for Oct. 24, 1914, which aid of highly influential persons, among them the for the first time gave proper emphasis to its Dr. James J. Putnam [q.v.], chief of the neuro- Ral etiologic diagnosis, as his most important con- logical service at the hospital, Mrs. Nathaniel tribution and "a landmark in medical history." Thayer, wife of a trustee and later a trustee getl In 1898 Cabot became a physician in the out- herself, and a group of friends and Boston give fait patient department of the Massachusetts Gen- "cousins" who gave financial support. In 1906 II eral Hospital, and in 1899 he began his long Miss Ida M. Cannon, sister of the physiologist men and eminently successful career as a teacher Dr. Walter B. Cannon, was enlisted by Cabot con at the Harvard Medical School. He remained for service in the new venture, bringing to it car at the hospital until 1921, after 1912 as a chief great personal ability as well as a background The of staff; he became professor emeritus at the as a public health nurse and a social worker. vol. medical school in 1933. At the hospital, where Cabot's First Annual Report of Social Service The he introduced autopsy teaching in 1910, Cabot's Permitted at the Massachusetts General Hos- Bas clinic-pathological conference became famous. pital (1906) was widely distributed throughout ing "Rugged and fiery in his exposition," in the the United States. Almost immediately other at words of White, he was especially distinguished hospitals began to adopt similar means to whe for "his willingness to commit himself to the "make treatment effective" (as Cabot phrased var most rigid tests of his own diagnostic acumen. the purpose of the new departure). During and "all His courage and honesty inspired his students after World War I public hospitals at all levels the and his colleagues to learn through their errors of government, the American Red Cross, schools T as he did through his." In 1902 he began, at of social work, and professional societies joined adv the Harvard Medical School, a one-month sum- the movement. the mer postgraduate course for practitioners, Throughout the two decades after 1905 Cabot that which he continued until 1929, attracting doc- gave generously of his time both to the medi- abo tors from all over the country. cal social service unit at the hospital and to the his During these highly productive years of medi- furtherance of the idea elsewhere. His books acc cal practice, writing, and teaching Cabot also rapidly built up a substantial literature on the san: made another notable contribution: the inaugu- subject: Social Service and the Art of Healing me ration of medical social service. By 1905 he (1909), Social Work: Essays on the Meeting- of 1 was searching for a means to give practical Ground of Doctor and Social Worker (1919), licl expression to his conviction that social and and The Goal of Social Work, a volume of five psychic factors must be brought under syste- papers edited by Cabot (1927). His What the matic observation in the diagnosis of disease Men Live By (1914) became a classic in. the hop and, in so far as possible, under management education of social workers as well as of lay- pre in the treatment of patients. He had seen the men to recognize the powerful motivations dias careful social studies made by the Boston Chil- rooted in work, play, love, and worship. Re- wr dren's Aid Society of the children under its garded in later years by social workers as one So care, and he contrasted its work with that of of their great pioneers, Cabot was in 1931 adv the busy doctor in the clinic, uninformed as to elected president of the National Conference tion social background factors in the lives of his of Social Work. patients and as to the possibility or likelihood Cabot had deep philosophical and religious of of his advice being taken. Writing later of his interests. As an undergraduate he had taken pra 84 Cabot Cadman al Hos- final honors in philosophy; in 1902-03 he lec- years before his death he expressed his convic- ded in- tured on philosophy in the seminar course in tion that "group medicine is IOO times better dgings, logic given at Harvard by Prof. Josiah Royce for the patient and for the doctor than the trition. [q.v.]. In 1908 Cabot published a pamphlet, ordinary, usual practice." This judgment was d slip- Facing Psychotherapy and Its Relation to Religion, perhaps strengthened by the experience of his and in 1913 The Christian Approach to Social younger brother, Dr. Hugh Cabot, who had ny own Morality. In 1920, while holding a professor- participated extensively in group practice. not get ship in clinical medicine at the Harvard Medi- Cabot died at his home in Cambridge, Mass., y work cal School, he was appointed to the chair of of coronary heart disease with congestive fail- esponse social ethics at Harvard College, which he con- ure after an illness of nearly a year. He was service tinued to occupy until 1934. His writings in buried at Mt. Auburn Cemetery, Cambridge. spital--- this field include Adventures on the Border- social [L. Vernon Briggs, Hist. and Genealogy of the Cabot lands of Ethics (1926), The Meaning of Right Family (2 vols., 1927); Harvard Coll. Class of 1889, list the and Wrong (1933), and Honesty (1938). A Anniversary Reports: 25th (1914), 30th (1919), and final volume, Creation, was in preparation at 50th (1939); Who's Who in America, 1938-39; N. Y. 5 them Times, May 9, 1939; Lancet, June I7, 1939; Jour. Am. the time of his death; in it, according to Prof. Medic. Asso., May 20, 1939; Roger I. Lee in Trans. neuro- Ralph Barton Perry, he planned to "draw to- Asso. Am. Physicians, 1940; Paul Dudley White in New thaniel England Jour. of Medicine, June 22, 1939; memorial gether the many threads of his interest and minute by Paul Dudley White, Ralph Barton Perry, and trustee Boston give mature expression to his deep religious Gordon Willard Allport in Harvard Univ. Gazette, Oct. 7, 1939; Ray Stannard Baker, New Ideals in Healing faith." (He was a Unitarian.) n 1906 (1909); Ida M. Cannon, On the Social Frontier of While Cabot's activities were never compart- Medicine (1952).] ologist mentalized, social ethics became the primary NEVA R. DEARDORFF Cabot concern of the last half of his professional g to it career, as medicine had been of the first half. CADMAN, SAMUEL PARKES (Dec. 18, ground vorker. The two interests found common ground in a 1864-July I2, 1936), clergyman, was born in Service volume written with the Rev. Russell L. Dicks, Wellington, Shropshire, England, the second ! Hos- The Art of Ministering to the Sick (1936). son in a family of four boys and three girls of Based on several years' experience in the train- Samuel and Betsy (Parkes) Cadman. His ughout other ing of young ministers and theological students father, who was fairly well-to-do, operated a at the Andover-Newton Theological School, coal mine on a commission basis and, like his ins to hrased where Cabot taught after his retirement at Har- father before him, was an active lay preacher vard, the book was intended for clergymen and in the Wesleyan Methodist Church, often ng and "all who would better understand the sick in levels preaching three or more sermons on a Sunday schools their spiritual needs." in the villages within walking distance of his joined Throughout his life Cabot was an outspoken home. Young Cadman, after elementary school advocate of scrupulous honesty and candor on training, worked in the mines by day and read Cabot the part of the medical profession. He believed omnivorously during the long evenings. At medi- that patients should be given the full truth fourteen he began to read theology. Four years to the about their condition, though he himself aided later he delivered his first sermon, and in 1884 books his patients by sympathy and interpretation in he was licensed as a lay preacher. After fur- on the accepting a serious diagnosis. He applied the ther diligent study at home, he was admitted to same ethical standards to the relations of the ealing the Richmond Wesleyan College of the Uni- eeting- medical profession with the general public. Out versity of London, where he trained for the 1919), of four hundred diseases, he once stated pub- ministry. While still a student, in October 1888, me of licly, only seven were curable by drugs and he married Lillian Esther Wooding, of Dawley What five by inoculations-"God and the wisdom of and Liverpool, at Buxton. They had three in the the body constitute 90 per cent of the patient's children, Frederick Leslie, Marie Isabel, and hope of recovery." He did not hesitate to ex- Lillian Esther. of lay- rations press his belief that "the vast majority of the The young couple decided to make their home Re- diagnoses made while he was in practice were in the United States, where they had acquain- wrong." In 1916 the Massachusetts Medical tances. Coming to New York in October 1890, as one Society considered expelling him for "publicly Cadman secured appointment as pastor of the 1931 advertising the faults of the general practi- Methodist Church of Millbrook, N. Y., moving erence tioner." on in 1893 to the Central Methodist Church of igious As early as 1913 Cabot had advocated a plan Yonkers, N. Y. In 1895 he came to New York taken of prepaid medical care provided by a group- City as pastor of the Metropolitan Temple practice unit of physicians, and less than two (Methodist) on West 14th Street. Once a gath- 85 The Letters of Josich Royce. Ed. John Clendenning. U-fChicgo Press. 1970. PART III 1888-1900 379 see how I None the less, duty binds one to do his material best with the stuff no control he has in him. et me. The So here I must sit and work, now that at last the job has got I ought to under way. Earlier in the vacation I was away a bit, but on pro- my life. If fessional tasks that I could not rightly avoid. From now on, I must I; I shall be stay pretty much alone, except for my family, until I have some- lecturer to thing to show. n way and When I can see you again, I most of all want to hear the new the friends things of which you speak, that you have to read to me. Now I e of serious hope that in September, some time, the material way may look a say this is little clearer before me in this task of mine. And then, if I still may, only to say and you are not weary of my long delay, I will come down over it upon me; some Sunday, solely to see you and George and to hear something of your news. Even that I cannot promise. It all depends upon ndeed con- whether or no I can get my task in hand, on its material side, enough eetings, and to earn a few hours of the privilege of being with you. Just now I r Oldfarm, must not go from here, although I deeply long to do so. on as to all I write fully, frankly, lovingly. ires and all Please remember me warmly to Mr. and Miss Mason, to Mrs. eve me, the Whitman and above all to George. hy are with Yours very truly, evertheless, Josiah Royce. pirit for the only inten- e has to do ie technical To GEORGE BUCKNAM DORR, OCTOBER 23, 189821 e succession one at one's Cambridge poring over Oct. 23, '98. notes and Dear Dorr:- nd, with its Whenever you can find any time to look into our Philosophy ut the work work, you are sure, so far as I am concerned, not only to be wel- ical place in come, but to do good by your suggestions. I know nobody, other purpose but than yourself, whose sympathy and whose criticism I should tion of my equally value as I should yours. On the other hand, I know how busy you are, and what a call upon your time such work involves; ffair. But if and I do not wonder that you ask help. As to the "young grad- ne's lectures uates" of whom you speak, those who are at all seriously philosoph- of time and ical are in professional positions, mostly elsewhere,-either as cler- in writing. 214 ALS. Royce Papers. HUA. 380 PART III 1888-1900 gymen, or as teachers of philosophy. Of accessible people who have not been tried in my time as visitors, I think first of Dr. Rich- To V ard C. Cabot, who is nearby, then of Edwin D. Mead of Boston, Rev. Francis Tiffany of Cambridge (not a very profound, but a practical sort of man, with an interest in philosophy), & Frank San- Dear born of Concord,-all men who would be at least interested in the Th subject. I cannot answer for the way in which my colleagues would that t welcome any such visitors. Palmer, who has just been reappointed Chairman of the Div'n of Philos. (my term of four years having day's the F been served), always makes very light of any visitors, and rather drives them off. James does not care a copper. Münsterberg is new public conta: to the business, and probably would care little. I myself should murde always feel in duty bound to explain my courses and methods so mailin far as visitors might choose to want to know about them, and should both welcome visitation, and value a report to the Overseers, enoug I ha if ever I came to learn what it was. Apart from a rather time- of intr consuming study of our work, I suppose that a committee would whom never be able to say much about us. Oxfor And so I can only suggest that you get in some of the men men- tioned, but above all that, if you give me your own presence again Hodg Sir W for awhile this winter, I will try to give you material for a report.- R. C. Cabot is taking some work as a graduate here; but is all the nett, C to me more able to act as examiner, since he now knows the ropes. He is a young man of mark, and of a very cool head, although perhaps a respec All little too close to me, whom he kindly follows a good deal of late, to tionab be as critical as he ought to be. It was a great pity to be unable to accept your kind wishes, and your I haven' your Mother's this summer, and come to see you. But duty de- mands me here, and even now I have no time to do more than hurry. Hea breathe and work, and sleep between times. My warm love and a cold greetings to your dear Mother. Yours Verv Truly already mind f Josiah Royce. the lec Well blessing With 215 Al written I of Giffor CARD Sarah Whitman ADDRESS OF RICHARD C. CABOT As S Mr. Dow was explaining just now that 2015 Bo oston Merry MON it Prem, 1904. this is a meeting of Mrs. Whitman's neighbours-past and present-I could not help thinking how many of her neighbours are [ Record of a Serviceheld in absent to -day :- Martin Brimmer, Isaac Ober, Edward Ober, Henry Lee, Edmund Larcom, limory of llrs. Henry What Edward Hooper, Mrs. Parkman, and my mo- ther. To these neighbours and friends of hers we must try to keep close as we attempt to at Baptist Chendy Beverly voice something of what Mrs. Whitman meant Farms, 7/17/1904; four to us, and if we are close to her spirit, we shall be the nearer to her friends, for they were all truly part of her. addresses] Among the achievements of the beloved friend who has passed beyond our sight, it seems fitting that we, her neighbours, should think first of her hospitality. An achievement it was, for she was shy by nature,-painfully shy in her earlier years, and even in her ma- turity often hampered by transformed rem- nants of the early weakness. The more honour to her that, in spite of all this, she achieved that bounteous, all-embracing hospitality which we know SO well. She was the very incarnation of hospitality. What better symbol of it could there be than in the entrance of her house at Beverly? You remember that it was in her NotE See letters to Richard C.Cabot thought as she planned the entrance, not only in Letters of Sarah Wyman Whitman 9 Cambridge: Riverside Press, 1907. that one should find one's self in one of the liv- movements of this and of thernations, with the ing-rooms of the house the instant one crossed main currents of literature, of philosophy, and the threshold, but that from that threshold the even of science, and with the life of great insti- fireplace, the hearthstone, with all its cluster tutions,-Harvard, Radcliffe, and Tuskegee. of home association, should present a warm She believed deeply in work, and took her welcome to our eyes." Come in," it seemed to part in the working world, outside which none say, and Come in" she joy fully said to all who can safely live. She cared for women's work and would enter. She counted nothing human as for every attempt made by women through foreign to her, no fellow creature, and no in- education, and through the suffrage, to raise terest of any fellow creature. To us, her neigh- themselves and find their place in life. She bours, to all strangers and foreigners, to rich cared especially for manual work. Good work- and poor, to old and young, " Come in," she manship, ability to express one's self with one's said, and wrought the welcome into the very hands, seemed to her part of the normal deve- structure of her house as she planned it. lopment of man and woman, and in her glass- But the hospitality which her house symbol- work as well as in her painting, she had mas- ized had entered also into every fibre of her tered the technical details. being. Can any of you recall a mind SO hospi- Yet these impersonal and far-reaching in- table? Every idea on every topic, every interest terests were in hermarvellously combined with of any human being, living or dead, was wel- watchful memory for the personal details of her comed by her. There were many whom she friends' lives. Her love followed each one of us Toved; there were few whom she could not as if she had no other care, SO that each of us love. Hermind was affirmative. She said Yes! will recall examples like the following: many times "No" less often. Many times she A much beloved sister of my mother died consented ; rarely sherefused. Encouragement forty years ago in England. Mrs. Whitman radiated from her like perfume. had never known her, but on the anniversary It was owing, think, to this deeply-rooted of her death she never failed to send to my principle of hospitality that we found her con- mother a wreath of ivy, and always of Eng- versant, not only with the features of her own lith ivy. Who can measure the power of a work and the lives of her friends, but with the which, in the midst of multitudinous and 10 11 engrossing occupations, followed the course friends that gathered SO often at her house, she and phases of all our lives with tenderness SO seemed nothing more than "the thread that exquisite? binds together that cluster of gems" or the The story of each friend's life and of the ribbon that joins the glory of many flowers." world's life was to her a love story, and in this Yet she gave the whole of herself to each one way she was romantic through and through,- of us while we were with her, and what a mar- romantic in that deep and rich sense in which vellously sympathetic listener she was! The Isaiah, Goethe and Browning areromantic. For hospitality of her mind was no greater than the the world appeared to her full of a divine mys- hospitality of her heart. The creative stimulus tery,- m systery not of darkness but of light, of of her sympathy made our past the richer as hope, and of themiracle of birth. Her landscapes we told it. In her presence, our hopes, our plans are full of this romantic spirit, for she loved and grew, throve, and began to acquire something feared the world which she depicted, and never of worth. hoped to find truth or beauty in a literal copy of Intohowmany discouraged lives she has thus what lay before her. Her hope, her faith, her put courage, hope, and the flush of action. love, were nowhere more convincingly mani- love to see you stretch your young strength to fest than in the rich idealism of her landscapes, the old endeavour," she said yet it was to the every one of which was to me a burning ex- "old endeavour," time-worn, time-honoured, perience; every one full of originality, nobility, that she spurred us on. There was nothing pre- reverence, and therefore of truth. Her friends cipitate and nothing headstrong, nothing of the seemed to her like a cluster of gems we all fanatic in the action she inspired for though remember her romantic fondness for gems) she was hospitable even to fanatics, she brought each with a distinctive quality, a unique beauty; to bear upon their dreams that strong historic on this she fixed her attention, not caring to consciousness, that unfailing sense of humour, discuss or discriminate the smaller details of which chastened her idealism, kept her sane personality. Of a characteristic word or deed and serene throughout, and made her no less a of a friend, "That's Frances," she would say, restful than a stimulating presence. Serenity as one might say, That's opal." To herself, was surely one of her greatest achievements, an the moved in the midst of the groups of inchievement SO perfectly won that it was hard 13 to realize the battles of self-conquest out of " a judge, nor even a spectator, but that of a which it came. Her life moved on with the ma- friend. And his first duty, his first privilege jesty and restfulness of a great river. No crises " SO it seems to me), is to make his love for or revolutions were visible. She seemed never " them felt by the exercise of generosity and upset, never at a loss, never in a hurry, yet " faith. Criticism there may be, but the esta- accomplishing in a day a volume of work un- blishment of a relationship comes before, may paralleled by any man or woman among my preclude criticism, turning the water into friends. This serenity was, I believe, the fruit " wine. I do not undertake to say how this great of her sense of Immortality. The Eternal Life " thing is to be done, but that it must be done is was for her not only a belief about the future, " to me a leading principle; themethod of Jesus but a quality of the present,-a way to live at " and of Paul,-c all brothers and saviours the all times. world over." She had high hopes for the noble art of " Itis not self-conquest, but self-surrender that conversation, and strove incessantly to make " holds the divinest glory of heroes. Something speech noble, poignant and true, while she " of this I understand to be the secret of that los- never failed to note and to praise the fitting ing one's soul which Christ taught, a loss of word in others. But it is in her letters, I think, one's self in others, asking for no advantage, that sheattained her greatest power over words. " making no terms." Many of her letters were inspired works of art, " In the intercourse of spirits there should be and I count it among the greatest blessings of " much leeway, allowance of time, room to my life that she found the time in which to write " move about in, because the modes of spirit- to me. From a series of her letters, extending ual manifestation are SO many and SO varied over more than twenty-five years, I have se- " that one must take much for granted at first, lected a group of passages that light the great " and afterwards sift, weigh, balance-con- and perennial theme of Human Friendship, and 44 demn it may be." it is with relief that I turn from my words to h " Not the thought but the life constitutes the own. ⑉ realm of human activity, and that life con- "The true attitude towards any person or " sists of finely-tem pered mpulses, expressing group of persons is not that of a critic, 11 themselves in finely-tempered acts. Do not 14 15 Josiah Royce to George B. Dorr (x) Department 68D credititi Cambridge October 23, 1898. Visiting Dear Dorr, Whenever you can find any time to look into our philosophy work, you are sure, SO far as I am concerned, not only to be welcome, but to do good by your sugges- tions. I know nobody, other than yourself, whose sympathy and whose criticism I should equally value as I should yours. On the other hand, I know how busy you are, and what a call upon your time such work involves; and I do not wonder that you ask help. As to the "young graduates" of whom you speak, those who are at all seriously philosophical are in pro- - fessional positions mostly elsewhere, as clergymen, or as teachers of philosophy. of accessible people who have not been tried in my time as visitors, I Writing think first of Dr. Richard C. Cabot, who is nearby, Gunday then of Edwin D. Mead of Boston, Rev. Francis Tiffany supports. of Cambridge (not a very profound, but a practical sort of man, with an interest in philosophy), Frank Sanborn of Concord, -- all men who would be, at least, interested in the subject. I cannot answer for the way in which October 23, 1898) 2. my colleagues would welcome any such visitors. Palmer, who has just been reappointed Chairman of the Division Royce just of Philosophy (my term of four years having been served) Cheir 2 year of & always makes very light of any visitors, and rather drives them off. James does not care a copper. Munsterberg is new to the business, and probably would care little. I his myself should always feel in duty bound to explain my courses and methods SO far as visitors might choose to want to know about them, and should both welcome visit- ation and value a report to the Overseers, if ever I averseers came to learn what it was. Apart from a rather time- consuming study of our work, I suppose that a committee would never be able to say much about us. And so I can only suggest that you get in (to help out) some of the men mentioned, but, above all, that if you give me your own presence again for awhile this winter, I will try to give you material for a report. R. C. Cabot is taking some work as a graduate R.C.Calet here; but is all the more able to act as examiner, since he now knows the ropes. He is a young man of mark, and of a very cool head, although perhaps a little too close to me, whom he kindly follows a good deal of late, to be as critical as he ought to be. (October 23, 1898) 3. It was a great pity to be unable to accept your kind wishes, and your Mother's, this summer, and come to see you. But duty demands me here, and even now I have no time to do more than breathe and work, and sleep between times. My warm love and greetings to your dear Mother. Yours very truly, Josiah Royce.