Yard, Robert Sterling 1861-1945 MANUSCRIPT PHOTOCOPY REQUEST The Denver Public Library - Western History/Genealogy Department 10 West 14th Avenue Parkway Denver, Colorado 80204-2731 720-865-1821 Instructions: Please complete and sign this form and return it to Reference Desk staff. I am requesting photocopies of the materials (listed on the reverse side of this form). I understand that in requesting this service I am bound by the four Terms of Agreement listed below. Signature email requested Date 1/3/06 Cyears 1. Only Western History/Genealogy Department staff may complete photocopy orders. Upon receipt of copies, the applicant agrees to pay promptly the full cost of reproduction. The Library reserves the right to request deposits or require prepayment in some cases. The Department reserves the right to refuse to copy fragile materials or those with restrictions. 2. Reproductions are for research, teaching or private study use (of the applicant) only. 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Bison Society Box 2:1 Folder #5 - 1916 Annual Report (pp. 3-8) TWS Cons 130 Box 4 FI- 44 57 Pg (acc) Please make "Ilute in the History of the Princitive 2 copies a put / ( gey in the folder for future use John Chandia STAFF USE ONLY Date received: Date completed: Order taken by: Order completed by: Credit card number and expiration date: TOTAL DUE: Last update: December, 2004 National Park Service: Biography (Robert Sterling Yard) Page 1 of 2 National Park Service: The First 75 Years Biographical Vignettes Robert Sterling Yard 1861-1945 by John Albright (Courtesy of National Parks & Conservation Association) Robert Sterling Yard was born in 1861 in Haverstraw, New York. An 1883 Princeton graduate, he worked as a reporter for the New York Sun and later as editor at the New York Herald. From 1900 to 1915, he served in the publishing business, variously as editor-in- chief of The Century Magazine and Sunday editor of the New York Herald. From 1915 to 1919, Yard served in the Department of the Interior as national parks publicity chief and later as chief, Educational Division, of the new National Park Service. Elected executive secretary, National Parks Association (now NPCA) at the organizational meeting in 1919, he also served as editor, National Parks Bulletin, from 1919 to 1936, and at age 76 became a founding member and president of the Wilderness Society, directing that group's activities until his last illness. He died in 1945. To the great and lasting benefit of the national parks and their http://www.cr.nps.gov/history/online_books/sontag/yard.htm 4/26/2002 National Park Service: Biography (Robert Sterling Yard) Page 2 of 2 owners, the American people, 47-year-old Robert Sterling Yard. newspaperman and publisher, was ready when the call came to publicize those national parks. A friend of Stephen Mather since the 1890s and Mather's best man at his wedding, he, like Mather, had long enjoyed the outdoors prior to the start of his public service career. Upon arriving in Washington in early 1915. Bob Yard quickly absorbed the intense dedication which was creating a bureau to protect America's national parks. At the National Park Conference in March of 1915, Yard affirmed his bond to the cause of the parks, saying, "I, the treader of dusty city streets, boldly claim common kinship with you of the plains, the mountains, and the glaciers. " His work proved the depth of his conviction. In 1915 he assembled The National Parks Portfolio for distribution to 270,000 opinionmakers throughout the country, helped generate numerous articles on national parks in publications around the nation, and wrote pamphlets and articles to focus public attention on the parks. His intense efforts with the publishing world he knew so well resulted in more than one thousand articles on national park subjects between 1917 and 1919. Forced to leave the government in 1919, owing to a law prohibiting supplementing pay of federal employees, Yard, whose meager salary had been augmented by Stephen Mather since 1915, received Director Mather's final financial support in creating the National Parks Association. On a cold January day in 1930, Robert Sterling Yard had stood with National Park Service Director Horace Albright at the grave of the recently deceased Stephen Mather. Albright remembered: "We rededicated ourselves to the ideals of our friend as long as we might be spared." Bob Yard applied that dedication to the end of his highly productive life. From National Park Service: The First 75 Years Top History Links to the Past I National Park Service I Search Contact Last Modified: Dec 1 2000 10:00:00 pm PDT http://www.cr.nps.gov/history/online_books/sontag/yard.htm ParkNet National Park Service http://www.cr.nps.gov/history/online_books/sontag/yard.htm 4/26/2002 , FirstSearch: Detailed Record Page 1 of 2 Detailed Record Terms & Conditions OC 1992-2003 OCLC LC Click on a checkbox to mark a record to be e-mailed or printed in Marked Records. FL ? WorldCat results for: au: yard and au: robert and Subjects Libraries E-mail Print Export Help au: sterling. Record 51 of 57 51 Mark: Prev Next Papers, Robert Sterling Yard 1918-1942? English Archival Material .25 cubic ft. (1 box) + artifacts. Collection contains 19 pieces of correspondence and miscellaneous other materials regarding the Wilderness Society (1934-1937); 1 photograph album of a trip in Rocky Mountain National Park; photographs of Yard and a trip to the Oraibi Pueblo on the Hopi Indian Reservation in Arizona in 1918; notes and the manuscript for the preface to the second edition of "The Book of the National Parks (ca Ownership: Check the catalogs in your library. Libraries that Own Item: 1 More Like This: Search for versions with same title and author I Advanced options Title: Papers, 1918-ca. 1942. Author(s): Yard, Robert Sterling, 1861-1945. Year: 1918-1942? Description: 25 cubic ft. (1 box) + artifacts. Language: English Abstract: Collection contains 19 pieces of correspondence and miscellaneous other materials regarding the Wilderness Society (1934-1937); 1 photograph album of a trip in Rocky Mountain National Park; photographs of Yard and a trip to the Oraibi Pueblo on the Hopi Indian Reservation in Arizona in 1918; notes and the manuscript for the preface to the second edition of "The Book of the National Parks (ca. 1942); a pair of Blackfeet (Sihasapa) Indian moccasins; and a Hopi bowl. SUBJECT(S) Descriptor: National parks and reserves -- United States. National parks and reserves -- Colorado. Sihasapa Indians. Hopi Indians Conservation of natural resources -- United States. Named Person: Yard, Robert Sterling, 1861-1945. Book of the national parks. Named Corp: Wilderness Society (U.S.) Genre/Form: Artifacts. Photographs. Photograph albums. Geographic: Oraibi Pueblo (Ariz.) Rocky Mountain National Park (Colo.) Note(s): Reproduction: In part, photocopies./ Bio/History: Yard was a conservationist and founded the Wilderness Society in 1935, which promoted the conservation of natural resources. General Info: Finding aid available in repository./ Occupation: Conservationists. http://newfirstsearch.oclc.org/WebZ/FSFETCH?fetchtype=fullrecord:sessionid=sp03sw01-63778-da...: numrecs= 1/6/2003 FirstSearch: Detailed Record Page 2 of 2 Entry: 19940701 Update: 20020418 Document Type: Archival Material Accession No: OCLC: 30697567 Database: WorldCat 00 F im WorldCat results for: au: yard and au: robert and Subjects Libraries E-mail Print Export Help au: sterling. Record 51 of 57 http://newfirstsearch.oclc.org/WebZ/FSFETCH?fetchtype=fullrecord:sessionid=sp(3sw01-63778-da...:mumrecs= 1/6/2003 Denver Publichthear Re Claudia Jeases (cjeasen@denver Call # CONS 225 lib.us) 9/2/05 MANUSCRIPT COLLECTION INVENTORY SHEET Title/name of collection: National Parks and Conservation Association Collection Date of inventory: revised 10/13/2004, 3/21/2005, 4/11/2005 Donor: National Parks Conservation Association Date Donated: 8/30/2003 Boxes 87-100 donated March 2004 Boxes 101-105 donated May 2004 Boxes 106-122 donated August 2004 Boxes 123-152 donated September 2004 NPCA magazines donated in March 2005 R.S. Box 158 & 159 donated March 2005 Yard Three boxes donated 3/21/2005 Box 159 Cataloged: Yes OCLC 54680710 Bid 624076547 Accession file: yes RG115,Sec.3 Sf 6. Size: open Location: B2/B1/6th Rg 105; Sec 4; Sf 3; Bx 25 Rg 105; Sec 4; Sf 3; Bx 26 Rg 105; Sec 2; Sf 2; Bx 1 Rg 105; Sec 4; Sf 4; Bx 28 Rg 105; Sec 2; Sf 2; Bx 2 Rg 105; Sec 4; Sf 4; Bx 27 Rg 105; Sec 2; Sf 3; Bx 3 Rg 105; Sec 4; Sf 5; Bx 29 Rg 105; Sec 2; Sf 3; Bx 4 Rg 105; Sec 4; Sf 5; Bx 30 Rg 105; Sec 2; Sf 4; Bx 5 Rg 105; Sec 4; Sf 6; Bx 31 Rg 105; Sec 2; Sf 4; Bx 6 Rg 105; Sec 4; Sf 6; Bx 32 Rg 105; Sec 2; Sf 5; Bx 7 Rg 105; Sec 2; Sf 5; Bx 8 Rg 105; Sec 5; Sf 1; Bx 33 Rg 105; Sec 2; Sf 6; Bx 9 Rg 105; Sec 5; Sf 1; Bx 34 Rg 105; Sec 2; Sf 6; Bx 10 Rg 105; Sec 5; Sf 2; Bx 35 Rg 105; Sec 5; Sf 2; Bx 36 Rg 105; Sec 3; Sf 1; Bx 11 Rg 105; Sec 5; Sf 3; Bx 37 Rg 105; Sec 3; Sf 1; Bx 12 Rg 105; Sec 5; Sf 3; Bx 38 Rg 105; Sec 3; Sf 2; Bx 13 Rg 105; Sec 5; Sf 4; Bx 39 Rg 105; Sec 3; Sf 2; Bx 14 Rg 105; Sec 5; Sf 4; Bx 40 Rg 105; Sec 3; Sf 3; Bx 15 Rg 105; Sec 5; Sf 5; Bx 41 Rg 105; Sec 3; Sf 3; Bx 16 Rg 105; Sec 5; Sf 5; Bx 42 Rg 105; Sec 3; Sf 4; Bx 17 Rg 105; Sec 5; Sf 6; Bx 43 Rg 105; Sec 3; Sf 4; Bx 18 Rg 105; Sec 5; Sf 6; Bx 44 Rg 105; Sec 3; Sf 5; Bx 19 Rg 105; Sec 3; Sf 5; Bx 20 Rg 105; Sec 6; Sf 1; Bx 45 Rg 105; Sec 3; Sf 6; Bx 21 Rg 105; Sec 6; Sf 1; Bx 46 Rg 105; Sec 3; Sf 6; Bx 22 Rg 105; Sec 6; Sf 2; Bx 47 Rg 105; Sec 6; Sf 2; Bx 38 Rg 105; Sec 4; Sf 2; Bx 23 Rg 105; Sec 6; Sf 3; Bx 49 Rg 105; Sec 4; Sf 2; Bx 24 Rg 105; Sec 6; Sf 3; Bx 50 1 Rg 105; Sec 6; Sf 4; Bx 51 Rg 52; Sec 5; Sf 4; Bx 97 Rg 52; Sec 1; Sf 2; Bx 52 Rg 56C; Sec 27; Sf 2; Bx 98 Rg 52; Sec 1; Sf 2; Bx 53 Rg 56C; Sec 27; Sf 2; Bx 99 Rg 52; Sec 1; Sf 3; Bx 54 Rg 56C; Sec 27; Sf 3; Bx 100 Rg 52; Sec 1; Sf 3; Bx 55 Rg 56C; Sec 27; Sf 3; Bx 101 Rg 52; Sec 1; Sf 4; Bx 56 Rg 56C; Sec 27; Sf 4; Bx 102 Rg 52; Sec 1; Sf 4; Bx 57 Rg 56C; Sec 27; Sf 4; Bx 103 Rg 52; Sec 1; Sf 5; Bx 58 Rg 56C; Sec 27; Sf 5; Bx 104 Rg 52; Sec 1; Sf 5; Bx 59 Rg 56C; Sec 27; Sf 5; Bx 105 Rg 52; Sec 1; Sf 6; Bx 60 Rg 52; Sec 1; Sf 6; Bx 61 6th floor Rg 19B; Sec 1; Sf 1; AVBx106 Rg 52; Sec 2; Sf 2; Bx 62 Rg 52; Sec 2; Sf 2; Bx 63 B1 Rg 52; Sec 2; Sf 3; Bx 64 Rg 110; Sec 5; Sf 4; Bx 107 Rg 52; Sec 2; Sf 3; Bx 65 Rg 110; Sec 5; Sf 4; Bx 108 Rg 52; Sec 2; Sf 4; Bx 66 Rg 110; Sec 5; Sf 5; Bx 109 Rg 52; Sec 2; Sf 4; Bx 67 Rg 52; Sec 2; Sf 5; Bx 68 6th floor Rg 52; Sec 2; Sf 5; Bx 69 Rg 19B; Sec 1; Sf 1; AVBx 110 Rg 52; Sec 2; Sf 6; Bx 70 Rg 19B; Sec 1; Sf 1; AVBx 111 Rg 52; Sec 2; Sf 6; Bx 71 B1 Rg 52; Sec 3; Sf 2; Bx 72 Rg 110; Sec 5; Sf 5; Bx 112 Rg 52; Sec 3; Sf 2; Bx 73 Rg 111; Sec 2; Sf 2; Bx 113 Rg 52; Sec 3; Sf 3; Bx 74 Rg 52; Sec 3; Sf 3; Bx 75 6th floor Rg 52; Sec 3; Sf 4; Bx 76 Rg 19B; Sec 1; Sf 2; AVBx 114 Rg 52; Sec 3; Sf 4; Bx 77 Rg 19B; Sec 1; Sf 2; AVBx 115 Rg 52; Sec 3; Sf 5; Bx 78 Rg 19B; Sec 1; Sf 2; AVBx 116 Rg 52; Sec 3; Sf 5; Bx 79 Rg 19B; Sec 1; Sf 2; AVBx 118 Rg 52; Sec 3; Sf 6; Bx 80 Rg 52; Sec 3; Sf 6; Bx 81 6th floor Rg 19B; Sec 1; Sf 3; AVBx 119 Rg 52; Sec 4; Sf 2; Bx 82 Rg 19B; Sec 1; Sf 3; AVBx 120 Rg 52; Sec 4; Sf 2; Bx 83 Rg 19B; Sec 1; Sf 3; AVBx 121 Rg 52; Sec 4; Sf 3; Bx 84 Rg 19B; Sec 1; Sf 3; AVBx 122 Rg 52; Sec 4; Sf 3; Bx 85 Rg 52; Sec 4; Sf 4; Bx 86 B1 Rg 52; Sec 4; Sf 4; Bx 87 Rg 111; Sec 2; Sf 2; Bx 123 Rg 52; Sec 4; Sf 5; Bx 88 Rg 111; Sec 2; Sf 3; Bx 124 Rg 52; Sec 4; Sf 5; Bx 89 Rg 111; Sec 2; Sf 3; Bx 125 Rg 52; Sec 4; Sf 6; Bx 90 Rg 111; Sec 2; Sf 4; Bx 126 Rg 52; Sec 4; Sf 6; Bx 91 Rg 111; Sec 2; Sf 4; Bx 127 Rg 111; Sec 3; Sf 2; Bx 128 Rg 52; Sec 5; Sf 2; Bx 92 Rg 111; Sec 3; Sf 2; Bx 129 Rg 52; Sec 5; Sf 2; Bx 93 Rg 52; Sec 5; Sf 3; Bx 94 6th floor Rg 52; Sec 5; Sf 3; Bx 95 Rg19B; Sec 1; Sf 4; AVBx 130 Rg 52; Sec 5; Sf 4; Bx 96 Rg 19B; Sec 1; Sf 4; AVBx 131 2 Rg 19B; Sec 1; Sf 4; AVBx 132 Rg 19B; Sec 1; Sf 4; AVBx 133 6th floor Rg 19B; Sec 1; Sf 5; AVBx 149 B1 Rg 19B; Sec 1; Sf 5; AVBx 150 Rg 111; Sec 3; Sf 3; Bx 134 Rg 19B; Sec 1; Sf 5; AVBx 151 Rg 19B; Sec 1; Sf 6; AVBx 152 6th floor Rg 19B; Sec 1; Sf 5; AVBx 135 B1 B1 Rg 112; Sec 5; Sf 3; Bx 153 Rg 111; Sec 3; Sf 3; Bx 136 Rg 112; Sec 5; Sf 4; Bx 154 Rg 111; Sec 3; Sf 4; Bx 137 Rg 112; Sec 5; Sf 4; Bx 155 Rg 111; Sec 2; Sf 5; Bx 138 Rg 112; Sec 5; Sf 5; Bx 156 Rg 111; Sec 2; Sf 5; Bx 139 Rg 112; Sec 5; Sf 5; Bx 157 Rg 111; Sec 3; Sf 4; Bx 140 Rg 115; Sec 3. Sf 6; Bx 158 Rg 111; Sec 3; Sf 5; Bx 141 Rg 115; Sec 3; Sf 6; Bx 159 R.S.Yord Rg 111; Sec 3; Sf 5; Bx 142 6th Floor Rg 111; Sec 4; Sf 2; Bx 143 Rg19B; Secl; Sf6; AVBox160 Rg 111; Sec 4; Sf 2; Bx 144 Rg19B; Sec7; Sf3; AVbox161 Rg 111; Sec 4; Sf 3; Bx 145 Rg 111; Sec 4; Sf 3; Bx 146 OVERSIZE Rg 111; Sec 4; Sf 4; Bx 147 6th, Rg19B; Secl 1; Sf6; Ovbox1 Rg 111; Sec 4; Sf 4; Bx 148 3 Denver Public library , Sept. 2005 Items published by the National Parks and Conservation Association to be cataloged for the Conservation Library are on B1; conservation holding range south of the AV ranges, next to the stairs. Also, published items to be reviewed by Colleen for inclusion in Conservation Library will be held on B1. Inventory List (include material, subjects, dates) Box 1 NPCA Executive Committee: correspondence to/from, 1968-1973 Dr. John Cover-member of Executive Committee: correspondence to/from, 1960-1969 Box 2 Dr. John Cover correspondence (cont.) and reports: including alphabetical files (by correspondent), subject files, reports by Cover, 1960-1968 Box 3 Executive committee: mailings, agendas, meeting minutes, financial statements, 1962-1967 Box 4 Executive committee: correspondence, meeting agendas/minutes, 1959-1963 NPCA Trustees: correspondence, newspaper clippings from/about former trustees (files alphabetized, M-Y are included), including Olaus Murie-hand and typewritten letters, obituary, etc., 1955-1964 Box 5 Executive committee: meeting agendas, notices, minutes (bound volumes-some duplicates): 1959-1972 Box 6 Executive committee: meeting agendas, notices, minutes (bound volumes-some duplicates): 1973-1979 Box 7 Executive committee materials, including meeting minutes, agendas, special committee reports, financial statements, 1971 Box 8 Executive committee materials, including meeting minutes, special committee reports, financial statements, 1974 Box 9 Executive committee materials, including meeting minutes, special committee reports, financial statements, 1972 Box 10 Executive committee meeting minutes, 1971 Correspondence, newspaper clippings to/from individual NPCA members, 1971-1972 Papers, NPCA Records 1898- - 2003 C MSS CONS 225 4 Box 158 Spiral bound reports, spiral bound notes, contents of loose-leaf notebooks, original material pertaining to the Moore House, calendar, loose materials, publications (that were not transferred), executive committee meeting minutes. Box 159 Correspondence and loose copies of papers of Dr. Robert S. Yard, First NPCA Executive Director, circa 1932. AVBox 160 AV Materials: Pocomoke River, 8mm film; Description of Georgetown University Observatory, reel-to-reel tapes, (2 tapes) AVBox 161 Slideshow materials entitled including audio cassette sets labeled 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 9 & 10 and Kodak carousel tray boxes labeled 3, 4, 5, 6 & 9. OVBox 1 1971 Printing Samples scrapbook. Framed photograph of Tour of Shivwits Plateau/Parashant Area, Proposed Arizona National Monument, Nov 1998. 17 FirstSearch: WorldCat Detailed Record Page 1 of 2 FirstSearch SOUTHERN NEW HAMPSHIRE UNIV WorldCat Detailed Record Click on a checkbox to mark a record to be e-mailed or printed in Marked Records. Staff View Options Comments Exit Home Databases Searching Results Hide tips List of Records Detailed Record Marked Records Go to page WorldCat results for: au: yard and WorldCat Subjects Libraries E-mail Print Export Help au: robert and au: sterling. Record 61 of 61. 61 Mark: Prev Next Papers, Robert Sterling Yard 1918-1942? English Archival Material .25 cubic ft. (1 box) + artifacts. Collection contains 19 pieces of correspondence and miscellaneous other materials regarding the Wilderness Society (1934-1937); 1 photograph album of a trip in Rocky Mountain National Park; photographs of Yard and a trip to the Oraibi Pueblo on the Hopi Indian Reservation in Arizona in 1918; notes and the manuscript for the preface to the second edition of "The Book of the National Parks (ca., GET THIS ITEM Availability: Check the catalogs in your library. Libraries worldwide that own item: 1 FIND RELATED More Like This: Search for versions with same title and author I Advanced options Find Items About: Papers, (136); Yard, Robert Sterling, (max: 1) Title: Papers, 1918-ca. 1942. Author(s): Yard, Robert Sterling, 1861-1945. Year: 1918-1942? Description: .25 cubic ft. (1 box) + artifacts. Language: English Abstract: Collection contains 19 pieces of correspondence and miscellaneous other materials regarding the Wilderness Society (1934-1937). 1 nhotogranh album of trin http://firstsearch.oclc.org/WebZ/FSFETCH?fetchtype=fullrecord:sessionid=sp06...:numrecs= 4/21/2004 FirstSearch: WorldCat Detailed Record Page 2 of 2 Mountain National Park; photographs of Yard and a trip to the Oraibi Pueblo on the Hopi Indian Reservation in Arizona in 1918; notes and the manuscript for the preface to the second edition of "The Book of the National Parks (ca. 1942); a pair of Blackfeet (Sihasapa) Indian moccasins; and a Hopi bowl. SUBJECT(S) Descriptor: National parks and reserves -- United States. National parks and reserves -- Colorado. Sihasapa Indians. Hopi Indians. Conservation of natural resources -- United States. Named Person: Yard, Robert Sterling, 1861-1945. Book of the national parks. Named Corp: Wilderness Society (U.S.) Genre/Form: Artifacts. Photographs. Photograph albums. Geographic: Oraibi (Ariz.) Rocky Mountain National Park (Colo.) Note(s): Reproduction: In part, photocopies./ Bio/History: Yard was a conservationist and founded the Wilderness Society in 1935, which promoted the conservation of natural resources. General Info: Finding aid available in repository./ Occupation: Conservationists. Entry: 19940701 Update: 20040310 Document Type: Archival Material Accession No: OCLC: 30697567 Database: WorldCat WorldCat results for: au: yard and WorldCat Subjects Libraries E-mail Print Export Help au: robert and au: sterling. Record 61 of 61. English Español Français Options Comments Exit OC © 1992-2004 OCLC LC Terms & Conditions http://firstsearch.oclc.org/WebZ/FSFETCH?fetchtype=fullrecord:sessionid=sp06... numrecs= 4/21/2004 Glimpses of our national parks [WorldCat.org] Page 1 of 1 WorldCat Home Search Create lists, bibliographies and reviews: Sign in or create a free account Search for items: Advanced Search > Mount Rainier Platt Rocky Mountain Seqoia Wind Cave Yellowstone Yosemite Zion Monuments History I Links to the Past | National Park Service | Search Contact Top Last Modified: Mon, Oct 31, 2002 10:00:00 pm PDT http://www.cr.nps.gov/history/online_books/portfolio/portfolio0a.htm ParkNet National Park Service http://www.cr.nps.gov/history/online books/portfolio/portfolio0a.htm 11/19/2004 MARCH 8, 1929] SCIENCE V.69(9/8/1929) 273 During the first month Ladd cooperated with Hoff- The more important steps in the geological history meister in Tonga and the work on Eua and Tongatabu of Vitilevu seem to be as follows: was completed. In addition a trip was made to (1) The formation of a series of ancient volcanics Falcon Island, a recently emerged volcanic cone which and sediments. lies fifty miles north-northwest of Tongatabu. A (2) Mountain building and the intrusion of plu- landing was made under difficult conditions. The tonics. This event occurred at least ás early as Cre- island is two miles in diameter and is composed taceous time. entirely of pyroclastic materials, chiefly scoria and (3) Prolonged erosion which removed most of the ash. The crater is located on the southeastern side older rock and exposed the plutonies over wide areas. and is occupied by a boiling lake whose waters rise (4) Submergence, probably by faulting, at the be- and fall with the tide. Large quantities of steam and ginning of the Miocene. It was at this time that sulphurous gases arise from the crater. The crater Fiji's continental connection was lost. Apparently walls are highest to leeward where they reach an very little of Vitilevu showed above water. elevation of 365 feet. (5) Extrusive vulcanism-tuffs, marls and flows. Ladd returned to Fiji to continue his study of Lower Miocene. Vitilevu, while Hoffmeister spent the next two months (6) Cessation of yulcanism and widespread deposi- in the Vavau group at the northern end of Tonga. tion of foraminiferal limestone to depth of several During the fourth month Hoffmeister joined Ladd on hundred feet. Lower Miocene. Vitilevu and the survey of this island was completed. (7) Uplift by block faulting with the extrusion of The island of Vavau is made entirely of limestone. volcanic materials along major fault planes. The Coral limestone predominates along the whole border older volcanies and the limestone were much frac- of the island with the exception of the southern side. tured by this faulting. Some of the fault blocks were The rocks of the latter side and also of the interior elevated three thousand feet. Most of the volcanic seem to be made mainly of foraminifera. This side material was ejected as agglomerate, which was re- is characterized by long, deep arms of the sea which worked to form tuffs, marls and conglomerates. run inland in a general north-south direction and Locally small amounts of foraminiferal or corallifer- which are separated by narrow strips of land. These ous limestone were formed. Miocene to near Recent. deep bays were formed by solution of the soft, porous (8) Development of present topography and mod- limestone at the time the island stood considerably ern reef building. Minor faulting. higher than it does at present. At this time they took H. S. LADD the shape of enormous sink holes. Following this, UNIVERSITY OF VIRGINIA submergence took place so that all but the highest J. E. HOFFMEISTER parts of the island were covered by water. Since UNIVERSITY OF ROCHESTER then elevation has progressed in stages to form clearly defined terraces. During all this time the sea, aided by the strong trade winds, had been cutting deeply SCIENTIFIC BOOKS into the limestone on the south and southeastern sides. In some places the southern rims of the sink holes Our Federal Lands. By ROBERT STERLING YARD, were cut through and the latter were turned into bays. Executive Secretary, National Parks Association. Although no detailed study of the rocks has been made Illustrated. New York. Charles Scribner's Sons. it seems very probable that Vavau is considerably $5.00. younger than the island of Eua. The latter has been "WE are admittedly the richest, most powerful found to contain some Eocene rocks and is beyond nation in the world and we took this power of wealth much doubt the oldest island of Tonga. out of the ground. Now, we must invoice our re- A large part of the 1928 field season was devoted sources and determine how we should proceed from to a study of the structural geology of Vitilevu. It here. For a nation begins but once," writes Dr. seems clear that faulting has played a very important Hubert Work, secretary of the interior, in closing a rôle in the history of the island. It is responsible for brief and striking foreword to this remarkable book. numerous topographic features, has determined the Remarkable truly since no one heretofore has ever main drainage lines and is believed to be the mecha- essayed the task of describing and inventorying the nism by which Vitilevu was severed from a much extensive and varied territory which the author has larger land mass that extended to the west. Rarely brought together under the new and inclusive term do the rocks of Vitilevu exhibit folding. High dips of "Our Federal Lands." one who scans even are local and usually are definitely related to fault superficially the pages of this work can fail to be lines. impressed that in these lands the United States has This content downloaded from 137.49.125.110 on Mon, 06 Jul 2020 19:41:07 UTC All use subject to https://about.jstor.org/terms 274 SCIENCE [VOL. LXIX, No. 1784 an "empire of famous history, vast size, colossal ment; yet it was 1891 before the Forest Reserve Act wealth, unbelievable opportunity, intricate problems, was adopted and then only as a rider on a conference and physical beauty and diversity beyond imagina- bill. When ten years later Theodore Roosevelt became tion." president he put his behind the weak and Each of the ten chapters deals with a particular inadequately manned Bureau of Forestry with gen- type of the national area, recounting its history, erally recognized and conspieuous success. Roosevelt origin, development, magnitude, utilization, political also established our water-power policy. The recrea- and social exploitation and pointing out its future tional use of national forests, the popular demand significance in the upbuilding of the nation. Not a for wilderness areas and the preservation of wild problem in conservation but finds its past and its life were natural outgrowths of the forest policy of future inseparably connected with some area of the Roosevelt and his successors. federal lands and the policies for their control and A similarly intriguing chapter is that on reclaiming utilization. the desert. The story is followed out in historical The first chapter on "Our National Estate" sketches sequence. It started with the National Irrigation in rapid outline the extent and diversity of these Congress in 1901 and the Reclamation Act signed possessions, their value in the early years of national by President Roosevelt in 1902. To-day despite history as a source of revenue, and the origin of reverses and local setbacks this looms larger as a national movements which have grown out of them. national enterprise than it did twenty-seven years Last and greatest of these movements is that embodied ago. Akin to the irrigation of arid areas in the west in the National Conference on Outdoor Recreation, is the reclamation of half a billion acres depleted by called by President Coolidge four years ago and wasteful farming in the east. Valuable and extensive destined to be an outstanding contribution of his technical data are presented in tables, thus obviating administration to the social invigoration of the Ameri- breaks in the story itself and lightening the text to a can people through perpetuation of the contact with large extent at least of a forbidding load of figures. nature which had played such a signal part in molding Water-power in the United States, estimated at fifty the spirit of the pioneers. million horse-power of which only thirty million is The story of the public domain which follows, por- commercially available and about twelve million is trays the building of the nation, the rapid outflow of already developed, occupies a conspieuous place to- population under the enticement of free homesteads, day in public attention. Federal control over it rests the building of the railroads, the differentiation of in considerable degree on its source in federal lands. mineral lands, timber lands, water-power lands and Unfortunately the development of hydroelectric plants reclamation areas, with the complex legal and adminis- in some places threatens the existence of valuable tration problems growing out of them.