QUINCY, Jostah 1 3/20/2020 Josiah Quincy III - Wikipedia WIKIPEDIA Harvard's president during Thomas When Ward's term as Josiah Quincy III Treasurer of Harvard G.B.D. is grandson Josiah Quincy III (/'kwinzi/; February 4, 1772 - July 1, 1864) was a U.S. educator and Josiah Quincy III political figure. He was a member of the U.S. House of Representatives (1805-1813), Mayor of Boston (1823-1828), and President of Harvard University (1829- 1845). The historic Quincy Market in downtown Boston is named in his honor. Contents Life and politics Early life and education Career Works See also Member of the Notes and references U.S. House of Representatives from Massachusetts's 1st district External links In office March 4, 1805 - March 3, 1813 Life and politics Preceded by William Eustis Succeeded by Artemas Ward Jr. 2nd Mayor of Boston, Early life and education Massachusetts In office Quincy, the son of Josiah Quincy II and Abigail Phillips, [5] was born in Boston, on May 1, 1823[1] - January 5, 1829[2] that part of Washington Street that was then Preceded by John Phillips known as Marlborough Street. [6] He was a Succeeded by Harrison Gray Otis descendant of the Rev. George Phillips of Speaker of the Massachusetts Watertown, the progenitor of the New House of Representatives England Phillips family in America. [7] In office 3/20/2020 Josiah Quincy III - Wikipedia Quincy's Preceded by Elijah H. Mills father Succeeded by Luther Lawrence had traveled 16th President of Harvard University to England In office in 1774, 1829-1845 partly Preceded by John Thornton for his Kirkland health Succeeded by Edward Everett but Five Harvard University Presidents mainly Personal details sitting in order of when they served. as an L-R: Josiah Quincy III, Edward Born February 4, 1772 agent of Everett, Jared Sparks, James Boston, the Walker and Cornelius Conway Massachusetts Bay Felton. patriot cause to Colony, British with the America friends of the colonists in London. Josiah Died July 1, 1864 Quincy II died off the coast of Gloucester on (aged 92) April 26, 1775. His son, young Josiah, was Quincy, not yet three years old. [8] Massachusetts, US He entered Phillips Academy, Andover, Resting place Mount Auburn when it opened in 1778, and graduated from Cemetery Harvard in 1790. After his graduation from Political party Federalist Harvard he studied law for three years under the tutorship of William Tudor. [9] Spouse(s) Eliza Susan Quincy was admitted to the bar in 1793, but Morton [5] was never a prominent advocate. Children Eliza Susan Quincy, Josiah In 1797 Quincy married Eliza Susan Morton Quincy, Jr., Abigail of New York, younger sister of Jacob Morton. [5][10] They had seven children: Phillips Quincy, Eliza Susan Quincy, Josiah Quincy, Jr., Maria Sophia Abigail Phillips Quincy, Maria Sophia Quincy, Margaret Quincy, Margaret Morton Quincy, Edmund Morton Quincy, Quincy, and Anna Cabot Lowell Quincy. Edmund Quincy, Anna Cabot Lowell Quincy Career Alma mater Harvard University Profession Politician, 3/20/2020 Josiah Quincy III - Wikipedia In 1798 Quincy was appointed Boston Town university president Orator by the Board of Selectmen, and in 1800 he was elected to the School Committee. [11] Quincy became a leader of the Federalist party in Massachusetts, was an unsuccessful candidate for the United States House of Representatives in 1800, and served in the Massachusetts Senate in 1804-5. [12] He was elected a Fellow of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences in 1803. [13] From 1805 to 1813, he was a member of the United States House of Representatives where he was one of the small Federalist minority In the dark days of the Embargo in the second term of President Thomas Jefferson, he suggested his impeachment, He attempted to secure the exemption of fishing vessels from the Embargo Act, urged the strengthening of the United States Navy, and vigorously opposed the admittance of Louisiana as a state in 1811. In this last matter he stated as his "deliberate opinion, that if this bill passes, the bonds of this Union are virtually dissolved; that the States that compose it are free from their moral obligations; and that, as it will be the right of all, SO it will be the duty of some, to prepare definitely for a separation, amicably if they can, violently if they must. " [14] This was probably the first assertion of the right of secession on the floor of Congress. Quincy left Congress because he saw that the Federalist opposition was useless. [12] In 1812, Quincy was a founding member of the American Antiquarian Society. [15] After leaving Congress, Quincy was a member of the Massachusetts Senate until 1820. In 1821-22 he was a member and speaker of the Massachusetts House of Representatives. Quincy resigned from the legislature to become judge of the municipal court of Boston. Quincy was a candidate for Mayor of Boston in Boston's first election under a city charter, held on April 8, 1822. [16] The votes of this first election were evenly split between Quincy and Harrison Gray Otis, with a few votes to others. Neither Quincy nor Otis had a majority, SO neither was elected. They both withdrew their candidacies, Josiah Quincy, oil on and John Phillips was elected Boston's first canvas, Gilbert Stuart, [16] mayor. In 1823 Quincy was elected as the 1824-1825. Museum of second mayor of Boston; he served six-one year Fine Arts, Boston terms from 1823 to 1828. [17] During his terms as 3/20/2020 Josiah Quincy III - Wikipedia mayor Quincy Market was built, the fire and police departments were reorganized, and the city's care of the poor was systematized. [12] From 1829 to 1845, he was President of Harvard University, of which he had been an overseer since 1810, when the board was reorganized At a time when college presidents were chosen for their intellectual achievements, Quincy's past experience as a politician and not an academic made him an unusual choice. [18] He has been called "the great organizer of the university He gave an elective (or "voluntary") system an elaborate trial; introduced a system of marking (on the scale of 8) on which college rank and honors, formerly rather carelessly assigned, were based; first used courts of law to punish students who destroyed or damaged college property; and helped to reform the finances of the university.> During his term Dane Hall (for law) was dedicated, Gore Hall was built, and the Astronomical Observatory was equipped. [12] Quincy House, one of the university's twelve upperclass residential houses, is named for him. [19] In 1856 Quincy gave an address concerning the then upcoming American presidential election. Quincy endorsed the Republican candidate, John C. Fremont, and denounced how "for more than fifty years, the Slave States have subjugated the Free States. [[20] This speech is cited in "Negro President": Jefferson and the Slave Power, by Garry Wills. His last years were spent principally on his farm in Quincy, Massachusetts, where he died on July 1, 1864. [21][22] Works A Municipal History of the Town and City of Boston During Two Centuries from September 17, 1630 to September 17, 1830 (https://books.google.com/ books?id=7bm_WTJxpvoC&printsec=frontcover), Boston : Charles C. Little & James Brown, 1852. History of Harvard University. Cambridge, Massachusetts., 1840. The History of the Boston Athenxum, with Biographical Notices of its Deceased Founders. Cambridge, Massachusetts., Metcalf and Company, 1851. Essay on the Soiling of Cattle". 1852. Address Illustrative of the Nature and Power of the Slave States and the Duties of the Free States (Ticknor and Fields, 1856) The Duty of Conservative Whigs in the Present Crisis: A Letter to the Hon. Rufus Choate (https://books.google.com/books?id=FBFyAAAAMAAJ&pg=fro ntcover), Boston : William A. Hall, 1856. 3/20/2020 Josiah Quincy Harvard University MENU About HarvarAdmissions & Aid Schools On Campus Gazette News Events Visit Give Faculty Staff Students Alumni Parents Visitors Media About Harvard / Harvard at a Glance / History of the Presidency / Josiah Quincy Term of office: 1829- On June 2, 1829, the Unive Josiah Quincy (1772-1864 The dazzling Commencen proved a false harbinger. Kirkland was Harvard's b executive, Josiah Quincy S opposite pole. According to his son, Quir a Harvard that produced "high-minded, high- principled, well-taught, well-conducted, well- Josiah Quincy bred gentlemen." Unfortunately, Quincy never President of Harvard University 1820-1811 got his finger on the inner pulse of student life. Within five years, his rough touch tripped off Quincy papers at Harvard one of the most destructive and divisive student Photograph of five Harvard presidents TT____________ history 3/20/2020 Josiah Quincy I Harvard University Quincy House MENU During the winter of 1833-34B ian raphical Directory of the United Sta argumen between a student and a tutor (possibly a professor) prompted disciplinary action against several students. Classmates protested in word and deed, breaking the tutor's windows and furniture, and ringing the College bell at night. By May 29, the College felt compelled to send the entire sophomore Class home. Having found no one to charge for some $300 in window damage, Quincy called on the Middlesex County grand jury to investigate. The interjection of outside authority proved a fatal violation of ancient academic protocol. The ensuing student riots produced mounds of broken glass and furniture, bomb damage in the chapel, a black flag fluttering over Holworthy Hall, and an effigy of Quincy dangling from the Rebellion Tree (so designated by student rioters of 1818). The grand-jury investigation yielded no actionable results. Undergraduate enrollment nosedived, as many existing students left and prospective students looked elsewhere. To make matters worse,(Quincy took the grading system (introduced by the reforms of 1825) and transformed it into a rigid and much-hated 3/20/2020 Josiah Quincy | Harvard University "Scale of Merit," which consisted of an eight- MENU point spread applied to every recitation in class, with various demerits for behavioral infractions. Quincy himself kept score. On the positive side, Quincy championed academic freedom and produced a valuable "History of Harvard University" (1840). While researching this two-volume work in the Harvard Archives, Quincy discovered an original sketch of the VERITAS seal in College record books from the winter of 1643-44. For reasons unknown, the motto had never before been used. Meanwhile, Harvard had adopted two other mottoes. Atop a huge tent in the Yard on Sept. 8, 1836, a white banner publicly displayed the VERITAS seal for the first time during the Harvard Bicentennial (which also brought the first singing of "Fair Harvard"). The Harvard Corporation officially adopted the motto in 1843, setting off a four-decade tug of war between VERITAS ("Truth") and the previous motto CHRISTO ET ECCLESIAE ("For Christ and Church"). With Quincy's support, Harvard also established its first research division, the Astronomical