Cammerer Arno B. 1883-1941. Arno Cammerer - Wikipedia, the tree encyciopedia Page I of 3 Arno B. Cammerer From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Arno Berthold Cammerer (1883 - 1941) was the Arno B. Cammerer third director of the U.S. National Park Service. Arno B. Cammerer was born in Arapahoe, Nebraska in 1883. He was the son of a Lutheran pastor. [1] He went to Washington, D.C in 1904 and worked as a civil service bookkeeper. He earned a Bachelor of Law degree at Georgetown Law School in 1911. [1] The U.S. National Park Service's first director, Stephen Mather spotted Cammerer's competence as executive secretary of the Fine Arts Commission, and Cammerer's appointment as Assistant Director Arno B. Cammerer followed in 1919. Arno B. Cammerer replaced Horace M. Albright as assistant director of the Born Arapahoe, Nebraska National Park Service in 1919. He served as Mather's Occupation Director of the National Park Service right-hand man in Washington and acted for him in his frequent absences over the next decade. After the project to found Great Smoky Mountains National Park proved expensive. Cammerer secured a promise from John D. Rockefeller, Jr., to match $5 million in the acquisition of Shenandoah National Park lands. [1] He advanced to the new rank of associate director on January 12, 1929. [1] Preceded by Director of the National Park Service Succeeded by Horace M. Albright 1933 - 1940 Newton B. Drury Contents 1 Directorship of the U.S. National Park Service 2 Death and legacy 3 References 4 See also Directorship of the U.S. National Park Service Arno succeeded Albright as director in August 10, 1933. This was the same day as the transfer of the national capitol parks, historic sites, memorials, and monuments from the War and Agriculture departments. [1] Under his leadership the NPS did the following: Tripled the number of areas served [1] http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arno_B._Cammerer 1/3/2010 Arno B. Cammerer - Wikipedia, the tree encyclopedia Page 2 of 3 Increased vistiations from 2 to 16 million[1] Facilities for public use increased notably{1] Became involved with recreational area planning and management. [2] Supervised the use of the Civilian Conservation Corps in many projects in both national and state parks. [2] Began to survey and record historic sites and buildings outside the existing parks. [2] Worked with Congress to pass the Historic Sites Act[1] Worked with Congress to pass a law establishing the National Park Foundataion¹ In 1937, his portrait was painted by artist Herbert A. Collins. [3] In 1938, he received the Cornelius Amory Pugsley Gold Medal. [4] The Pugsley award recognizes outstanding contributions to the promotion and development of public parks in the United States. It is given out by the American Academy of Park and Recreation Administrators along with the National Park Foundation. Strained relations with Secretary of the Interior Harold L. Ickes impaired his effectiveness and health, and he stepped down in 1940, following after a 1939 heart attack. He became the service's eastern regional director. Death and legacy He died of another heart attack on April 30, 1941. [5] The official NPS biography says that "Cammerer's contributions to the National Park Service were legion. "[1] Mount Cammerer, on the Northeastern fringe of the Great Smoky Mountains is named for Arno as he had played a prominent role in the acquisition of the park. [4] References 1. habcdefghijk National Park Service Biography of Arno B. Cammerer http://www.nps.gov/history/history/online_books/sontag/cammerer.htm 2. b c History of early NPS directorshttp://www.nps.gov/history/history/hisnps/NPSHistory/directors.htm 3. ^ Biography of Herbert Alexander Collins, by Alfred W. Collins, February 1975, 4 pages typed, in the possession of Collins' great-great grand-daughter, D. Dahl of Tacoma, WA 4. ^ a b Cornelius Amory Pugsley Gold Medal winner's biography http://www.rpts.tamu.edu/Pugsley/Cammere.htm 5. ^ 65th Anniversary, National Park Service, August 25, 1981; See also National Park Service Stephen Mather - 1st Director of the National Park Service Horace M. Albright - 2nd Director Newton B. Drury - 4th Director http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arno_B._Cammero 1/3/2010 National Park Service: Biography (Arno B. Cammerer) Page 1 of 2 National Park Service: The First 75 Years Biographical Vignettes Arno B. Cammerer 1883-1941 by Edwin C. Bearss Arno Cammerer was born in Arapahoe, Nebraska, in 1893, son of a Lutheran pastor. At Georgetown University Law School, he received a Bachelor of Law degree in 1911. When Horace Albright was named superintendent of Yellowstone National Park and field assistant to Director Stephen Mather in 1919, Cammerer, whom they both knew and respected, was their choice as assistant director to succeed Albright. In the spring of 1922, Secretary of the Interior Albert B. Fall wanted an "All-Year National Park" in New Mexico. Mather knew this proposal would not be approved, but he studied it and wrote an adverse report. The feeling that his report might mean disaster for the new National Park Service caused him to suffer a nervous breakdown. Cammerer became acting director through a busy tourist season and conducted the Yosemite Superintendents' Conference, which was a particularly important meeting of NPS officials, http://www.nps.gov/history/history/online_books/sontag/cammerer.htm 1/3/2010 National Park Service: Biography (Arno B. Cammerer) Page 2 of 2 concessioners, and environmentalists. In the early 1920s, there were demands that eastern national parks be established. Following considerable study, Congress authorized the establishment of Shenandoah National Park, Great Smoky Mountains National Park, and Mammoth Cave National Park. The Great Smoky Mountains project proved expensive. Cammerer secured a promise from John D. Rockefeller, Jr., to match $5 million in the acquisition of Shenandoah National Park lands. On January 12, 1929, when Horace Albright became the Service's second director, Cammerer, a loyal and devoted colleague and retained as associate director. On August 10, 1933, the date of transfer of the national capitol parks, historic sites, memorials, and monuments from the War and Agriculture departments. Albright resigned and Cammerer was named the Service's third director. With responsibility for a greatly expanded Service, Cammerer was confronted with a far heavier workload than his predecessors. He maintained good relations with Congress and was rewarded with the enactment of several important laws, especially the Historic Sites Act and a law authorizing a National Park Foundation. Cammerer's leadership, although scarred by a failure to establish rapport with the acerbic Secretary of the Interior Harold L. Ickes, was a success. Many years of conscientious work proved detrimental to Cammerer's health and in 1939 he suffered a heart attack. He resigned in 1940, and Newton B. Drury, executive secretary of the Save-the-Redwoods League, replaced him as the fourth director. Another heart attack took his life on April 30, 1941. During his directorship, the areas under the Service tripled in number and facilities for public use increased notably. Visitation jumped from approximately 2 million to 16 million persons a year. Cammerer's contributions to the National Park Service were legion. From National Park Service: The First 75 Years History I Links to the Past I National Park Service I Search Contact Top Last Modified: Dec 1 2000 10:00:00 pm PDT http://www.cr.nps.gov/history/online_books/sontag/cammerer.htm ParkNet National Park Service http://www.nps.gov/history/history/online_books/sontag/cammerer.htm 1/3/2010 National Park Service: Expansion of the NPS in the 1930s (Chapter 6) Page 1 of 2 Harlan D. Unrae : G. Frank Williss Life beath Expansion of the National Park Service in the 1930s: Administrative History Chapter Six: The National Park Service, 1933- 1939 NPS Expansion: 1930s Introduction MENU For Arno Cammerer, something of the scope of the increased responsibilities that had devolved upon his agency on August 10, Contents 1933, became clear in a letter of Frank T. Gartside, acting superintendent of the National Capital Parks. Responding to a verbal Foreword request, Gartside listed the duties which had formerly belonged to the Director of Public Buildings and Public Parks of the National Capital Preface that were transferred to Cammerer's new office: pre-1933 1. Director of Public Buildings and Public Parks of the National Capital Reorganization 2. Executive officer, Arlington Memorial Bridge Development New Deal 3. Member and Executive and Disbursing Officer, National Capital Park and Planning Commission Recreation 4. Member, Executive and Disbursing Officer, Public Buildings Commission History 5. Member of Zoning Commission, Washington, D.C. 6. Coordinator, Motor Transport for the District of Columbia NPS 1933-39 7. Member, National Memorial Commission 8. Recreation Commission of the District of Columbia Recommendations 9. The Committee on Work Planning and Job Assignment of the District of Columbia Committee on Unemployment Bibliography 10. Washington National Monuments Society [1] Appendix The increased responsibilities that accrued to his office as a result of reorganization, involvement in emergency programs, and new initiatives in history and recreation exacted a heavy price from Arno Cammerer. As early as 1935 his friends were beginning to worry about him, "You must conserve yourself Cam," Horace Albright wrote on July 14, "Should you lose your health, they will take your job and that will be the end of the Mather group in National Park Service activity. [2] When he resigned in 1940, Cammerer wrote that while he had made an excellent recovery from a "complete [physical] collapse!" he had suffered the previous year, he was not able to withstand the continued strain of his office. [3] Within a year, Cammerer, who accepted the position of Regional Director, Region I, following his resignation as director, was dead, the victim of a second coronary. The new responsibilities that devolved on the director's office with the transfer of the office of Public Buildings and Public Parks of the National Capital were a reflection of the new responsibilities that came to his agency in the reorganization of 1933. These new responsibilities, moreover, multiplied with the growing involvement in New Deal recovery efforts and the new initiatives in history and recreation. Park Service administrators faced a dual problem after 1933. They had to cope with new, and often unfamiliar, issues raised by the new programs. At the same time, they had to find a way to reconcile traditional values and principles with an agency that was http://www.nps.gov/history/history/online_books/unrau-williss/adhi6.htm 12/27/2009 Harpers Ferry Center: NPS Historic Photo Collection Page 1 of 1 National Park Service U.S. Department of the Interior Harpers Ferry Center NPS Photos > Search the Collection > Photo Search Results > Photo Record Detail NPS Historic Photograph Collection Cataloging Data Image Description Catalog Number: HPC- 001153 Approximate Year: 1925 Other NPS Image Numbers: Park: Carlsbad Caverns National Park W.O. 05 Photographer: Theme: Architecture, NPS Personnel Description: Showing interior of old bunk house, Assoc. Director Cammerer's sleeping place. Eminent Photographer: Arno B. Cammerer (1860-1940) Reuse of this image should Most image descriptions have been furnished by the original credit: National Park Service photographer. Place names or geographic references may Historic Photograph have changed since the original photo was taken. Text which Collection. appears in (parentheses) has been added by the HFC Photo Archivist. If you have questions about use policies or reuse permissions, please read about Copyright of Archival Collections. If you have questions or information about this photograph, contact HFC Photo Archivist Tom DuRant (Telephone: 304-535-6707). Author: Harpers Ferry Center Date: 10/25/2004 http://data2.itc.nps.gov/hafe/hfc/npsphoto4h.cfm?Catalog_No=hpc%2D00115 10/25/2004 Harpers Ferry Center: NPS Historic Photo Collection Page 1 of National Park Service U.S. Department of the Interior Harpers Ferry Center NPS Photos > Search the Collection > Photo Search Results > Photo Record Detail NPS Historic Photograph Collection Cataloging Data Image Description Catalog Number: HPC-001157 Approximate Year: 1930s Other NPS Image Numbers: WASO-J-209b Photographer: Theme: NPS Personnel Description: Official portrait of Arno B. Cammerer, Third Director of the National Park Service, August, 10, Collection: Portrait 1933 to August 9, 1940.. Eminent Photographer: Arno B. Cammerer (1860-1940) Reuse of this image should credit: National Park Service Historic Photograph Collection. Most image descriptions have been furnished by the original photographer. Place names or geographic references may have changed since the original photo was taken. Text which appears in (parentheses) has been added by the HFC Photo Archivist. If you have questions about use policies or reuse permissions, please read about Copyright of Archival Collections. If you have questions or information about this photograph, contact HFC Photo Archivist Tom DuRant (Telephone: 304- 535-6707). Author: Harpers Ferry Center Date: 10/25/2004 http://data2.itc.nps.gov/hafe/hfc/npsphoto4v.cfm?Catalog_No=hpc%2D001157 10/25/2004 Harpers Ferry Center: NPS Historic Photo Collection Page 1 of 1 National Park Service U.S. Department of the Interior Harpers Ferry Center NPS Photos > Search the Collection > Photo Search Results > Photo Record Detail NPS Historic Photograph Collection Cataloging Data Image Description Catalog Number: HPC- 001163 Approximate Year: 1927 Other NPS Image Numbers: Park: Acadia National Park 73-780(W. O. .65) Photographer: Cammerer, Arno B. Theme: Architecture, NPS Personnel Description: Detail of home and grounds of Supt. George B. Dorr. Eminent Photographer: Arno B. Cammerer (1860-1940) Reuse of this image should Most image descriptions have been furnished by the original credit: National Park Service photographer. Place names or geographic references may Historic Photograph have changed since the original photo was taken. Text which Collection. appears in (parentheses) has been added by the HFC Photo Archivist. If you have questions about use policies or reuse permissions, please read about Copyright of Archival Collections. If you have questions or information about this photograph, contact HFC Photo Archivist Tom DuRant (Telephone: 304-535-6707). Author: Harpers Ferry Center Date: 10/25/2004 http://data2.itc.nps.gov/hafe/hfc/npsphoto4h.cfm?Catalog_No=hpc%2D001163 10/25/2004 CP/R679/CCF 1907-39, Acadia. DEPT DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR NATIONAL PARK SERVICE LAFAYETTE NATIONAL PARK BAR HARBOR, MAINE OFFICE OF THE SUPERINTENDENT Salar July 11, 1922. Dear Mr. Cammerer: I enclose the map you asked for showing the residence at Northeast Harbor and the general residential layout I enclose , also what is called the Path Mapp, for the eastern half of the Island. This map, though it bears a recent imprint, as a fresh edition, really goes back a good many years and is mainly valuable for the mountain trails, but it shows the general situation and the mountainous character of the tract very plainly. From it you will see- that what is known as Asticou Hill, a bold granite mass four hundred and fifty odd feet in height and a continuation to the shore of the Sargent Mountain mass, lies between Northeast Harbor and the Jordan Pond area which includes Seal Harbor, Long Pond, and the Amphi theatre. President Eliot, whose house is the oldest summer residence in the Northeast the Harbor district, lives where Asticou Hill, separating two areas, comes down to meet the sea, his residence accordingly bordering on both. The neighborhood area of the Northeast Harbor colony takes in Brown Mountain (Norumbega Mountain), the only one which has not yet been acquired for the Park, and the two Hadlock ponds, whence their water supply is drawn. any The general residence at Northeast Harbor lies close along the shore. I have only indicated the houses of a few of the summer 2. residents who have taken in one way or another an active part in the colony's affairs. The principal hotels are marked: The Rockend House, the Clifton House, and, at the head of the Harbor, Asticou Inn. President Emeritus Eliot and Miss Mary Wheelwright of Boston, who has been active in securing lands for the Park, have homes by the eastern entrance to the Harbor. Mr. Seth Milliken of New York, who has been helpful (1870-1953) also, has a home by its western entrance, and Mr. Gano Dunn, who is one of the learing electrical engineers of the country and a man of high scientific prominence, has a home on its western shore. He has been, and is, of great assistance to me. Mr. Pepper has built a house on Schoolhouse Ledge. Mr. Lincoln Cromwell, president of the Northeast Harbor V. I. A., whom you met in New York, lives in a house on the Somes Sound shore which is, second to Dr. Eliot's, the oldest summer residence in that section, built by his wife's father. On the eastern side of the Harbor live Professor Emeritus Francis Peabody of Harvard, Dr. Richard Hart of Philadelphia, one of the leading sur- (1878-1956) geons of the country, and Mr. Carroll Tyson, an artist specially interested in birds and painting them. My friend Dr. Drury, head of St. Paul's School, a man of splendid public spirit, lives by Gilpatrick Cove, together with a colony of old friends of mine - Henry Parkman and others. RECRODUCED AT THEINATIONAL-ARCHIVES 3. Senator Pepper's house on Schoolhouse Ledge is of recent building. That of his friend Mr. Turner, present chairman of the Northeast Harbor Path Committee who is taking charge for me, as are the other path committee chairmen, of the Government trail repair lying in their section, is just completing the house marked in his name to the north of it. Mr. Pepper, whose season here, Mr. Cromwell tells me, has never been a long one, spends a large part of it by preference in a camp entirely away from this section of the Island, on Goose Marsh Point at Pretty Marsh Harbor on the western shore, some dozen miles or more away by road from Northeast Harbor. Having no map of the whole Island to send, I enclose, to show where Mr. Pepper's west shore camp is, one of the Geological Survey Mt. Desert sheets, showing the western half. The Geological Survey, you may recall, is bringing out a Lafayette National Park sheet which will take in the whole Island, now shown by it upon three separate sheets. I left with its editor, Mr. Wood, the text to be printed on the back of it according to arrangement. I am anxious to get this map for use this season, and Mr. Beaman, of the mapping department, said it would be put through promptly once he got the text. I wrote Mr. Demaray some days since asking him to find out where the delay lay and, if he could, to set things going - or let me know concerning it. I have not yet heard from him and as it is possible he may be away, won't you make inquiry? Sincerely yours, Mr. Arno B. Cammerer, Genge B.Worr Acting Director, National Park Service, Washington, D.C. III 2 I. 84.835 OFFICE OF JOHN D. ROCKEFELLER, Jr. SH Nail Park August 21, 1930 Private and ConfIdential Dear Mr. Genmerer: EW I have talked with Mr Lynamabout the desirability of having any reference in the Bar Harbor papers to the road plan which has been posted at your direction in the Park office in Ber Harbor. Mr. Lynam has discussed the matter with Mr. D6rr. They were both of them rather hesitant about doing anything, This morning I saw Mr. Montague, and men- tioned the matter to him. He is strongly of the opinion that it would be a mistake to call publie attention to the matter and I am inclined to agree with him, on the ground that there will be little if any real opposition and that a published statement would start many people to gossiping who would otherwise be relatively indifferent. Mr. Montague suggested one thing which seemed to me admirable; namely, that you mention these projects to Mr. Elliott, who was the land- scape architect employed by Bishops Lawrence's committee and who, I assine, is in Washington. I am not sure but what you told me you hed already talked with him about the matter. If you have not you could easily do so, because of your frequent contact with him, because Mr. Olmsted has been working on LUEZ these roads and 80 cordially approves them, and because of Mr. Elliott's professional relation to Mr. Olmsted. Moreover, it would not be strange for you to do this in view of Mr. Elliott's study of the island develop- ment several years age. If Mr. Elliott is opposed to these roads or any of them, he will undoubtedly so indic te either to Bishop Lawrence or Mr. Peabody; on the other hand, if Mr. Olmsted's connection with them and en- dorsement of them have caused him now to favor them, the knowledge of that fact would be helpful with his old committee here. If, therefore, this sug- gestion seems to you a wise one, perhaps you will take the matter up with Mr. Elliott quite on your own and simply as a matter of possible interest to him. Should Mr. Elliott be in Meine on his vacation, you may think it wise to write him that:fhere has been posted in the Bar Herbor Park office for several weeks a plan which you thought would interest him because of his former study of the development of the island and a copy of which you were sending him, with the further comment that these roads, with the excep- tion of the Amphitheatre Road, had been developed under Mr. Olmsted's personal supervisi on and study and that including the Amphitheatre Road he strongly approved the construction of all of them. Very sincerely, Mr. A. B. Cammerer.